BackgroundMost hemodialysis patients present with chronic systemic inflammation characterized by the elevation of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and/or the production of proinflammatory interleukins by the immune system in response to the hemodialysis process. Plasma ferritin(PF) is one of the parameters used to correct anemia. An PF level of >500 ng/mL is not recommended for correction of anemia because of the uncertainty of whether these levels are elevated because of anemia or a mere reaction to inflammation. we aimed to study the effects of inflammation on seminal ferritin (SF) levels and hypothesized that SF is not affected because of the testicular immune privilege.MethodsA prospective prevalence study was conducted at the Department of Hemodialysis of the University Hospital of Brasília (HuB) between June 2010 and July 2011. The sample included 60 chronic renal patients undergoing hemodialysis and 20 control subjects from the health promotion general outpatient clinic. All participants were males aged 18–60 years. Inflammation was assessed through serum CRP levels, and the testicular condition was determined by measuring sex hormone levels. In the patient group, inflammation was considered to be present when CRP was >5 mg/L (n = 27) and absent when CRP was ≤5 mg/L (n = 33). Control group (n = 20) CRP was ≤1 mg/L. Blood and semen were collected via arm venoclysis and after voluntary masturbation, respectively. CRP was measured by turbidimetry; PF, SF, and sex hormone levels by immunochemoluminescence. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsThere was no significant difference in mean SF levels among patients with inflammation (295.34 ± 145.39 ng/mL), those without inflammation (324.42 ± 145.51 mg/mL), and controls (335.70 ± 075.90 ng/mL; p = 0.49). There was no correlation between mean SF and PF levels in the patients with and without inflammation). All participants were eugonadal with mean serum FSH, LH, and testosterone levels of 3.76 ± 2.17 mUI/mL, 7.00 ± 3.53 mUI/mL, and 454.18 ± 173.08 ng/dL, respectively.ConclusionSystemic inflammation did not significantly alter SF levels in eugonadal hemodialysis patients.

Background: We proposed to investigate the possible relationship between seminal quality and ferritin and transferrin seminal levels in chronic hemodialysis (CH) patients. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study in a group of 60 men (case) undergoing CH for more than 6 months, and a group of 30 healthy men (control), aged 18-60 years, without clinical or laboratory signs of infection/inflammation and eugonadic. A spermogram was performed by manual method and measured the ferritn and transferrin seminal levels. Results: The case and control groups were age-matched (49.47±5.56 versus 47.90±6.22, p = 0.229). Comparison between case and control group, the exception of seminal ferritin levels that were similar (p = 0.136), were significantly lower in the case group (p<0.001) for all constituents of the seminal parameter and seminal transferrin levels. Seminal ferritin does not appear to be associated with seminal parameters and seminal transferrin (p>0.05); but there was an association between seminal transferrin and seminal parameters (p<0.001). Conclusions: Our results suggest that seminal quality is related to seminal transferrin level and not with seminal ferritin level being useful in the initial evaluation of chronic hemodialysis patients with clinical suspicion of sub / infertility.

Objectives: We proposed to investigate the possible effect and association of systemic inflammation (SI) and seminal parameter indicators in chronic hemodialysis patients. Methods: This was a case-control study. All the participants were subjected to a spermiogram with calculation of fertility index (FI), serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level, seminal transferrin (ST) level, as well as evaluation of the hormonal profile (HP). The sample consisting of 60 men (cases) undergoing hemodialysis for more than 6 months was subdivided into 3 groups: group 1 (n = 30, with inflammation, CRP > 5 mg/L), group 2 (n = 30, without inflammation, CRP ≤ 5 mg/L), and group 3 (n = 30, healthy men, CRP ≤ 1). Results:Age was similar in the 3 groups (P = 0.43). FI, testosterone total (TT) and ST levels were significantly lower in the case groups than in the control group (P < 0.001). Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin (PRL) levels were significantly higher in the case groups than in the control group (P < 0.001). Between the subgroups of cases (groups 1 and 2), the inflammatory factor alone does not seem to interfere with the FI, HP, and ST level (P > 0.05). However, it significantly interfered with the FI, HP, and ST level when compared between the case groups and the control group (P < 0.001). No correlation was observed between SI and analyzed parameters (P > 0.05). Conclusions:The results suggest that the SI alone has no effect and is not associated with the FI or ST level in a patient undergoing chronic hemodialysis.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the possible relationship between seminal parameters and cystatin C seminal levels in an infertility evaluation of chronic hemodialysis patients. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, aged 18-60 years, in a group of 60 men undergoing hemodialysis (case) for more than 6 months, and a group of 15 healthy men (control) without clinical or laboratory signs of genitourinary tract infection. We performed a spermogram, hormonal profile, and assessment of leukocytes and cystatin levels in the semen. Results: The ages in the case and control were similar (p = 0.060).The seminal cystatin was significantly different between the case group and control group (41.16 ± 26.59 vs. 79.00 ± 05.68 mg/l, respectively, p < 0.001) and between normospermia and oligospermia (83.50 ± 02.40 vs. 30.34 ± 02.52 mg/l, respectively, p < 0.001). The mean seminal cystatin levels identified by the degrees of oligospermia (severe, moderate, and slim) were similar to each other (p > 0.05) and significantly different (p < 0.05) in relation to normospermia in the case group. The seminal cystatin levels positively correlated (p < 0.05) with sperm motility and sperm density. Conclusion: Seminal cystatin levels are associated with the numerical and motility changes evidenced in the spermogram and may be of help in the initial evaluation of clinical suspicion of sub-fertility and infertility.

Introduction: To find out the changes in seminal quality of hemodialysis chronic renal patients, we investigated the possible relationship between seminal parameter and seminal α1-acid glycoprotein levels in chronic hemodialysis patients. Methods: Prospective study of prevalence realized in the Hemodialysis Sector of the University Hospital of the University of Brasília, between July 2016 and December 2016. Men aged 18–60 years grouped into case groups (n = 81) represented by chronic hemodialysis patients and control group (n = 20) of healthy men without clinical or laboratory signs of infection and eugonadic. We performed a spermogram, hormonal profile, and assessment of leukocytes and seminal α1-acid glycoprotein level in the semen. The most appropriate statistical test was applied to verify differences and correlations between the studied variables. Results: The age in case and control is similar (49.47 ± 5.55 years vs 50.53 ± 4.24 years; p = 0.060). Mean level of α1-acid glycoprotein in human seminal plasma were not significantly different between case and control (48.52 ± 4.90 mg/L vs 46.33 ± 4.29 mg/L; p = 0.10) and between normosperm and oligosperm (47.76 ± 5.15 mg/L vs 49.48 ± 4.49 mg/L; p = 0.19). Mean level of α1-acid glycoprotein in human seminal plasma in the case group, which were classified into severe, moderate, mild, and normosperm, were similar to each other (p = 0.27) and did not correlate (p > 0.05) with the analyzed seminal parameters. All participants presented normal hormonal profile. Conclusion: Results of this study suggest that the seminal α1-acid glycoprotein levels do not help in the initial evaluation of patients with seminal parameter changes.

InTRODUÇÃOAs membranas e anéis esofágicos são entidades pouco freqüentes e, por isso, fica difícil o aprofundamento de seus aspectos clínicos e diagnósticos. De um modo geral, a equipe de saúde que atende os pacientes deles portadores ficam indecisos com a conduta a ser tomada. Assim, revisão e atualização do tema é oportuna. MÉTODOFoi realizada revisão da literatura internacional através do Pubmed (www.pubmed.com) e nacional (www.lilacs. br) utilizando-se as seguintes palavras-chave: esôfago, membranas, etiologia, diagnóstico. A extensão do tema foi limitada aos seguintes enfoques: conceitos, etiologia, epidemiologia, etiopatogenia e diagnóstico. REVISÃO DA LITERATURA Membranas ConceitoMembrana esofágica é definida como estrutura fina que consiste de pregas de mucosa que se projetam parcial ou totalmente no lúmen esofágico.Pode ser de origem congênita ou adquirida e localizar- ABCDDV/558Lima EJB, Malafaia DT, Barbosa-Neto SG, Tabchouy-Filho J, Moraes FRR, Silva GP, Nakamura MT.Membranas e anéis esofágicos. ABCD Arq Bras Cir Dig 2007; 20(3):201-4. RESUMO -Racional -As membranas e anéis esofágicos são entidades pouco freqüentes e, por isso, fica difícil o aprofundamento de seus aspectos clínicos e diagnósticos, sendo assim oportuna revisão do tema. Método -Foi realizada revisão da literatura internacional através do Pubmed (www. pubmed.com) e nacional (www.lilacs.br) utilizando-se as seguintes palavras-chave: esôfago, membranas, etiologia, diagnóstico. A extensão do tema foi limitada aos seguintes enfoques: conceitos, etiologia, epidemiologia, etiopatogenia e diagnóstico. Conclusão -Embora a literatura apresente bom entendimento do desenvolvimento dessas afecções, estudos devem ser continuados para aprofundar os conhecimentos existentes e melhor orientar a conduta a ser tomada nos seus portadores. DESCRITORES -Esôfago. Membranas. Etiologia. Diagnóstico.se em qualquer lugar do esôfago. Normalmente é recoberta por epitélio escamoso. Geralmente, a membrana é única, mas pode haver duplas ou múltiplas. EpidemiologiaAs mais comuns são localizadas no esôfago cervical e fazem parte de síndrome inicialmente descrita por Paterson e Kelly em 1919 e, posteriormente, por Vinson 3 em 1992. São mais freqüentes no sexo feminino (80% a 90%), entre 40 e 70 anos de idade, sendo incomum antes dos 30 anos de idade.Caracteriza-se por associar-se à anemia ferropriva, queilite angular, pele seca, glossite, onicodistrofia (Figura 1), perda de peso e disfagia. Ocorre mais freqüentemente entre europeus (norte da Europa), especialmente nas áreas rurais da Suécia 4 .Trabalho realizado no hospital Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil Endereço para correspondência:

Our results suggest that seminal quality is associated with ST levels and FI and that it can be used the initial investigation of subfertility/infertility of patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis..

Background: to verify the association of seminal parameter (SP) and seminal ferritin (SF) levels in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis (CH), admitting possible antioxidative activity of SF.Methods: This was a case-control study in group of 60 men (case) in CH with more than 6 months and group of healthy men (control), aged 18-60 years, without clinical or laboratory signs of infection/ inflammation. Patients underwent semen analysis, fertility index (FI) calculation, measurement of SF and hormonal profile (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, total testosterone, and prolactin levels).Results: There were significant differences between cases and control (Table 1) Conclusion:The results suggest that SF is not associated with changes in seminal parameters in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis, and is not useful singly for initial evaluation of seminal parameters.