Summary Ubiquinol-10 (QH2), the reduced form of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) serves as a potent antioxidant of lipid membranes. Because many antioxidants reveal potent anti-inflammatory effects, the influence of QH2 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were determined in the human monocytic cell line THP-1. Stimulation of cells with LPS resulted in a distinct release of Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1α), Regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and Monocyte chemotattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). The LPS-induced responses were significantly decreased by pre-incubation of cells with QH2 to 60.27 ± 9.3% (p = 0.0009), 48.13 ± 6.93% (p = 0.0007) and 74.36 ± 7.25% (p = 0.008) for TNF-α, MIP-1α and RANTES, respectively. In conclusion, our results indicate anti-inflammatory effects of the reduced form of CoQ10 on various proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in vitro.
Studies in humans and cell culture as well as bioinformatics suggested that Coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ10) functions as an anti-inflammatory molecule. Here we studied the influence of CoQ10 (Kaneka Q10) on secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by using the human and murine monocytic cell lines THP-1 and RAW264.7 expressing human apolipoprotein E3 (apoE3) or pro-inflammatory apoE4. Incubation of cells with physiological (0.1-10 microM) and supra-physiological (> 10 to < 100 microM) concentrations of CoQ10 led to an intracellular accumulation of its reduced form without any cytotoxic effects. Stimulation of cell models with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resulted in a substantially release of TNF-alpha. When THP-1 cells were pre-incubated with 10 microM CoQ10, the LPS-induced TNF-alpha release was significantly decreased to 72 +/- 32%. This effect is similar to those obtained by 10 microM N-Acetyl-Cysteine, a well known reference antioxidant. In RAW264.7-apoE3 and -apoE4 cells, significant reductions of LPS-induced TNF-alpha secretion to 73.3 +/- 2.8% and 74.7 +/- 8.9% were found with 2.5 microM and 75 microM CoQ10, respectively. In conclusion, CoQ10 has moderate anti-inflammatory effects in two monocytic cell lines which could be mediated by its antioxidant activity.
Coenzyme Q_{10} (CoQ_{10}) is an obligatory element in the mitochondrial electron transport system and functions as a potent antioxidant of lipid membranes. In-vivo and in-vitro studies indicate an involvement of CoQ_{10} in inflammatory pathways. Here we studied in the human monocytic cell-line THP-1 the influence of CoQ_{10} on LPS-induced secretion of the pro-inflammatory chemokines Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1alpha), Regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). In comparison to unstimulated cells, LPS leads to 22-, 3- and 4.5-fold higher levels of MIP-1alpha, RANTES and MCP-1 in the cell culture medium, respectively. Pre-incubation of cells with 10 microM CoQ_{10} resulted in a significant decrease of LPS-induced MIP-1alpha and RANTES secretion to 55.04% (p = 0.02) and 76.84% (p = 0.04), respectively. In conclusion, CoQ_{10} reduces the LPS-induced secretion levels of the pro-inflammatory chemokines MIP-1alpha and RANTES in the human monocytic cell line THP-1. These data suggest that CoQ_{10} possesses anti-inflammatory properties.
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