BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.

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A new Brazilian species of Cupania L., C. ludowigii Somner et Ferrucci, is described and illustrated. The species is restricted to Bahia and south-east Brazil, grows in the Atlantic forest and in the gallery forests crossing the 'campo rupestre' vegetation. Diagnostic characters, description, detailed illustration and taxonomic comments are given. Its relationship with C. emarginata is discussed.

The shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora.

A restinga de Praia das Neves ocupa uma extensa área (ca. 67 km2) no extremo sul do Estado do Espírito Santo (21°14′35.35″S e 40°56′48.68″W), limitada pelo Rio Itabapoana, na divisa com o Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar e caracterizar as diferentes formações vegetais dessa restinga e sua flora associada, incluindo o reconhecimento dos habitats relacionados ao lagarto ameaçado de extinção Liolaemus lutzae Mertens, 1938. Excursões para caracterização da flora local foram realizadas em campanhas pontuais, entre os anos de 2008 e 2011, e o material botânico foi identificado e posteriormente depositado no Herbário RBR do Departamento de Botânica da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. A caracterização das diferentes formações encontradas baseou-se em observações locais e na bibliografia especializada, considerando aspectos físicos do ambiente, o hábito e a composição das espécies vegetais. A vegetação da restinga de Praia das Neves reúne sete formações florestais, arbustivas e herbáceas, distribuídas em geral em faixas paralelas a linha da costa. Foram registradas 167 espécies de plantas vasculares, reunidas em 58 famílias, ocorrendo nas diferentes formações. A grande maioria das espécies estudadas é exclusiva de uma única formação, enquanto que Allagoptera arenaria (guriri-da-praia) se destaca por ocorrer em quase todas as formações locais. A restinga de Praia das Neves mantém extensos trechos em bom estado de conservação, com espécies listadas como ameaçadas para a flora do Estado do Espírito Santo e com importantes remanescentes de formações costeiras no Estado. Embora sua maior extensão esteja contida em área privada, ações futuras devem assegurar a preservação da restinga local, com suas formações vegetais e a biota associada, conforme indica a legislação federal vigente.

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Resumen. La especie nueva Thinouia restingae, de las regiones nordeste y sudeste de Brasil, es descrita, ilustrada y comparada con la especie más próxima, T. ventricosa. Adicionalmente se describen caracteres de venación de los folíolos y micromorfológicos del polen. La especie nueva pertenece a Thinouia sección Petalodine, la cual se caracteriza por los pétalos iguales o mayores que el apéndice. También se presenta una clave para todas las especies de Thinouia reportadas hasta la fecha para Brasil. Abstract.A new species, Thinouia restingae, from northeastern and southeastern Brazil, is described, illustrated, and compared to its putative closest relative, T. ventricosa. Additionally, venation characters of the leaflets and micromorphological characters of pollen grains are described. The new species belongs to Thinouia section Petalodine, which is characterized by petals that are equal or longer than their appendage. A key to species of Thinouia presently known from Brazil is also included.