It’s a saying “The early we start, the early we attain good health”. Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely absence of disease Fitness is an ability to execute daily functional activities with optimal performance, endurance, and strength to manage minimalist of disease, fatigue, stress and reduced sedentary behavior. In the modern era with advancement in technology, erosion of physical activity has drastically led to retardation in health and fitness. Hoods of luxurious and competition among students for scores/grades and professionals for promotions/incentives/benefits have deviated people from concentrating towards their health and putting it secondary. In 2016, across the globe, prevalence of physical inactivity was estimated at 27.5%, among adult population. To support further, in June 2018, WHO reported, 1 in five adults, and 4 of five adolescents to pose reduced physical activity. In the current ongoing pandemic era this scenario has been further negatively impacting the society to suffer from psychosocial, financial and economic loss, contributing to lack of physical activity. Health benefits of physical activity are not limited only to improved cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, bone and cardiometabolic health, and positive effects on weight status, but it also boosts mental health and social health. Acknowledging the significance and urgency of decreasing insufficient physical activity globally, WHO endorsed a Global Action Plan on Physical Activity (GAPPA) at the World Health Assembly in 2018, wherein the member countries agreed to reach a new target of 15% relative reduction in insufficient physical activity among adolescents by 2030.
Athletes such as long-distance runners, sprinters, hockey, and/or football players may have proximal hamstring tendinopathy (PHT). Laser therapy has been shown to be effective in tendinopathies. High power laser therapy (HPLT) is used for the treatment of several musculoskeletal conditions; however, its efficacy on PHT has not been investigated. This study is aimed at examining the effects of HPLT on pain and isokinetic peak torque (IPT) in athletes with PHT. The two-arm comparative pretest-posttest experimental design was used with random allocation of 36 athletes aged 18-35 years into two groups (experimental and conventional group). The experimental group included the application of HPLT for 3 weeks. The conventional group included treatment with a conventional physiotherapy program including ultrasound therapy, moist heat pack, and home exercises for a total of 3 weeks. Pain and IPT of the hamstring muscle were measured before and after the application of the intervention. Pain score decreased, and IPT increased significantly ( p < 0.05 ) after application of HPLT, by 61.26% and 13.18%, respectively. In the conventional group, a significant difference ( p < 0.05 ) was observed in pain scores only, which decreased by 41.14%. No significant difference ( p > 0.05 ) was observed in IPT in the conventional group. When HPLT was compared with conventional physiotherapy, a significant difference was found in pain scores only. HPLT for 3 weeks was found to be effective in improving pain in athletes with PHT. However, no significant difference was found between HPLT and conventional physiotherapy (US, moist heat, and home exercises) in improving the IPT of the hamstring muscle.
Background: The present study was conceptualized as a pilot study to examine the effects of a 3-week program consisting of strain/counterstrain technique (SCST), phonophoresis, heat therapy, and stretching exercises on pain and functions in patients with temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD). Methods: Seven participants (mean age 25.85 years) diagnosed with TMD having pain in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) area with decreased jaw opening were recruited for the study. Treatment interventions consisting of SCST, phonophoresis (ultrasound gel mixed with diclofenac gel), heat therapy, and stretching (mouth-opening) exercises were performed 3 days a week for 3 weeks. SCST was performed on the masseter, medial, and lateral pterygoid muscles. No control group was present in the study. Results: Paired samples t test revealed a significant difference in numerical pain rating scale (NPRS) (decreased by 50%, P < .001) and jaw functional limitation scale (JFLS) (reduced by 59.58%, P < .001) scores after 3 weeks of intervention. A large effect size (Cohen d = −3.00 for NPRS and −3.16 for JFLS) was observed for both variables. No correlation (R = 0) was found between the baseline values of NPRS and JFLS. Conclusion: A 3-week program consisting of SCST, phonophoresis, heat therapy, and stretching exercises was effective in reducing the pain and improving the functions related to TMJ in patients suffering from TMD. However, a randomized controlled trial is needed to reach a definite conclusion.
Background Government guidelines for lockdown and quarantine measures impacted the daily lives and health of individuals amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The pandemic caused significant changes in the daily routine and lifestyles of individuals worldwide with the simultaneous emergence of mental health disorders. Stress caused by COVID-19 pandemic outbreaks and consequent social isolation significantly influenced the mental health and quality of life of professionals among Indian population. This study aimed to evaluate the mental health and quality of life among Indian professionals embarked as COVID-19 survivors. Methods A 20-item self-administered questionnaire was developed and circulated among the participants with the following domains: helplessness, apprehension, mood swing, physical activity, restlessness, insomnia, irritation, mental stress, and emotional instability to assess their mental health and quality of life. Results Of the total 322 participants, 73.6% of individuals experienced helplessness, 56.2% felt the need for counseling, 65.5% reported feeling irritated even over minor issues, 62.1% experienced negative thoughts during isolation, 76.5% experienced difficulty in falling asleep, and 71.9% felt restless during their course of illness. Conclusion The study concludes that mental health and quality of life among COVID-19 survivors was affected by sleep, physical activities, emotional instability, and job profile, as well as support from others, mood swings, and the need for counseling.
Vascular stiffness due to arteriosclerosis reduces arterial elasticity which is as an independent and non-invasive predictor of future incidence of coronary heart disease and stroke. There is limited evidence of the benefits of regular exercise on arterial stiffness in populations suffering from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) especially coronary artery disease (CAD).Aim. To determine the acute and chronic effects of aerobic, resistance and combined exercise on arterial and hemodynamic function in patients with CAD.Material and methods. This study will be a prospective, single-blind, randomized study examining the effects of exercise on arterial stiffness. The study will be conducted at a tertiary care hospital for a continuous period of one year. Patients with CAD (n=105) will be selected using systematic sampling techniques and allocated randomly to one of the four treatment groups using computer-generated, random number sequence for age, sex and health status of CAD (Group-I: aerobic exercise, Group-II: resistance exercise, Group-III: combined aerobic and resistance exercise, and Group-IV: control) as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All recruited subjects will be informed about the assessment and intervention procedure before getting the consent form filled. This project followed the guidelines of standard protocol for randomized clinical trials (spirit).Perspective. It is expected that this study protocol shall through light and be helpful in better quality of life along with decline in drug dependency for the people suffering from CAD. Further this study will be valuable is designing exercise protocol for the people suffering from CAD.
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