Psidium cattleianum Sabine, commonly known as araçá, is a Brazilian native fruit, which is very juicy, with sweet to sub acid pulp and a spicy touch. The fruit can be eaten fresh or processed into juice, jellies and ice creams. Araçás are source of vitamin C, minerals, fatty acids, polysaccharides, volatile compounds, carotenoids and phenolic compounds, which can provide nutrients and phytochemical agents with different biological functions. Different pharmacological studies demonstrate that P. cattleianum exerts antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antiaging effects. Thus, this article aims to review the chemical composition and biological effects reported for araçá fruit in the last years.
Estudou-se a eficiência de inseticidas naturais no controle de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), na cultura do milho em agroecossistema de várzea, sob infestação natural. O experimento foi conduzido a campo na área experimental da Embrapa Clima Temperado - Estação Experimental Terras Baixas, no ano agrícola 2005/2006. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial (9x2), com 9 tratamentos: T1- NeemAzal-T/S (0,25%); T2- NeemAzal-T/S (0,5%); T3- Rotenat CE (0,5%); T4- Natuneem agrícola (0,5%); T5- Rotenat CE + Natuneem agrícola (0,25+0,25%); T6- Dalneem emulsionável (0,5%); T7- Organic neem (0,5%); T8- Match CE (0,1%) (padrão) e T9- Água (testemunha) com duas épocas de semeadura e quatro repetições. Realizaram-se três aplicações dos tratamentos por época, determinando-se a porcentagem de plantas atacadas oito dias após cada aplicação e o rendimento de grãos em kg ha-1. Obteve-se diferença significativa no controle da lagarta-do-cartucho entre épocas de semeadura com maior eficiência de controle para a primeira época, destacando-se dentre os inseticidas naturais o NeemAzal-T/S (0,5%) e o Dalneem emulsionável (0,5%), com grande potencial de uso em semeaduras realizadas no mês de novembro. O rendimento de grãos entre épocas não diferiu estatisticamente, destacando-se dentre os inseticidas naturais o NeemAzal - T/S a 0,5%, tornando-se uma alternativa no controle da S. frugiperda. Há uma correlação negativa e significativa entre plantas atacadas e rendimento de grãos em kg ha-1, com maior potencial de controle para a primeira época de semeadura.
Flotation sludge (FS) is produced in huge amounts at slaughterhouses in western Santa Catarina, Brazil. This waste is rich in plant nutrients and a valuable resource for soil amendments. Five FS composts were tested as a replacement for chemical fertilizers (QF), namely T1 (75% poultry manure (PM) and 25% sawdust (SD)); T2 (50% PM and 50% SD); T3 (25% PM and 75% SD); T4 (100% PM and 0% SD); and T5 (0% PM x 100% SD). For lettuce plants, treatments containing composted FS resulted in an increased number of leaves, leaf area and leaf fresh weight (LFW). T1 presented the best results with increases of 1.4 fold in LFW compared to plants supplemented with QF. T2 was the most effective treatment for radish with the best results of root fresh weight and root diameter. Although T4 had the highest nitrogen content, it did not present the best results in growth performance for lettuce or radish. The presence of higher proportions of SD in composts (25% for lettuce and 50% for radish) improved the physical characteristics of the soil and proved to be a more balanced compost.Keywords: biosolid; organic compost; poultry manure; sawdust; flotation sludge.Practical Application: Floatation sludge successfully replaced chemical fertilizers in the cultures of lettuce and radish.
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