No abstract

A virus isolated from a flying fox (Pteropus poliocephalus) has a morphology similar to that of reoviruses. However, unlike the reoviruses, this virus has a rapid cytopathic effect, causing cell fusion, vacuolization of the cytoplasm, and an unusual nuclear degeneration. Immunofluorescence indicates that viral antigen is distributed through both nucleus and cytoplasm. Viral maturation appears to take

An outbreak of Murray Valley encephalitis (MVE) occurred in New South Wales during the first five months of 1974. Specimens from 52 horses with nervous disease collected January to May 1974 were examined histopathological or virologically. Although MVE virus was not isolated, 13 horses had serological evidence of recent infection with MVE virus. Another 4 horses had evidence of recent infection with Ross River virus. Two animals had histological evidence of viral infection of the central nervous system. Attempts to experimentally infect 2 horses with a low dose of MVE virus were not successful by intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous routes.

Ouk 0 serogroup unknown with antibiotics. All isolated strains ofvibrios were serotyped at the National Institute of Infectious Diseases in Tokyo, Japan-(Table 1). The importance of V cholerae non-O1 as a disease causing organism in farm animals needs further research. However, the specific pathological findings in the goat, and the lambs with the increased watery fluid in the intestines followed by the sudden death of these animals closely resembles the pathophysiological effects seen in a positive ligated gut test. Vibrios, therefore, might be considered to be the causative agents in producing pathogenic toxins in the cases described above. Because the vibrios were isolated not only from the intestines, but also from the livers and lungs, the strains are likely to have invasive potential as well. Veterinary practitioners and microbiologists in animal diagnostic laboratories should be aware of the possibility of V cholerae as a participant in enteric infections of farm animals (Rhodes and others 1985). References

Biological and serological procedures have established that Nelson Bay virus (NB847), which was recovered from the blood of a fruit bat or "flying fox" (Pteropus poliocephalus), is a member of the reovirus group and that it differs from previously described reoviruses.