Summary: Twenty eight clinical chemical blood parameters were studied with respect to intra-individual variations. Both short tenn variations, within one day and during one week, and long term variations, during a six months period, were investigated in groups of 62, 16 and 274 individuals. Moreover, critical differences were calculated from the total variations, i.e. physiological (personal) and analytical variations. The influences of external factors (sex, smoking, and oral contraceptives) were been studied.It was concluded that the use of laboratory data in clinical diagnosis is considerably improved when intra-individual variations and critical differences are used. Kurz· und langzeitige intraindividuelle Änderungen sowie kritische Differenzen klinisch-chemischer KenngrößenZusammenfassung: Die intraindividuellen Änderungen von 28 klinisch-chemisch bestimmten Blutbestandteilen wurden untersucht. In Gruppen von 62,16 und 274 Probanden wurden sowohl kurzzeitige Änderungen innerhalb eines Tages und während einer Woche als auch langzeitige Änderungen während eines halben Jahres verfolgt. Zusätzlich.wurden aus den Gesamt-Änderungen, d.h. physiologischen (individuellen) und analytischen Variationen, kritische Differenzen berechnet. Weiterhin wurden äußere Einflüsse wie Geschlecht, Rauchen und Einnahme oraler Kontraceptiva untersucht.Aus den Ergebnissen wird geschlossen, daß die Verwendung von Labordaten in der klinischen Diagnostik wesentlich verbessert wird, wenn intraindividuelle Variationen und kritische Differenzen benutzt werden.

Summary:The complete blood cell count and the differential leukocyte count have been studied for their variations within-one-day and during one weck (short-term variations) and during a period of six months (long-term variations) with an automatic haematology analyser (H-6000, Technicon®), in which some new Parameters (large unstained cells, high peroxidase cells, red cell distribution width, platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume, plateletcrit) are included. The influence of external factors such äs sex-differences, smoking/non-smoking, üse of oral contraceptives etc. have also been studied. It appears that the use of critical differences together with haematological data improves the value of these parameters in diagnosis and treatment of patients. Laboratoriumskenngrößen. Kurz-und langzeitige intra-individuelle Änderungen sowie kritische Differenzen hämatologischer

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Summary:Two random access immunoassay analysers, the ACS-180 (Ciba Corning) and the AIA-1200 (Tosoh Corp.) were compared with respect to performance and user-friendliness. Precision studies revealed an almost equal intra-assay variation coefficient, but day-to-day reproducibility was better on the AIA-1200. Recovery of dilution series of tumour markers was too high with the ACS-180. Both systems were free from carry-over effects, on account of the extra wash step in the ACS-180 (for thyrotropin, carcinoembryonic antigen and human chorionic gonadotropin) and the separate pipetting tip in the AIA-1200. Reagent stability is better in the AIA-1200 than in the ACS-180. The AIA-1200 is more user-friendly and produces a higher throughput than the ACS-180 in daily routine operation (92 results/hour vs. 78 results/hour).