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The decrease in the severity of erosions and ulcer lesions after preventive treatment with PGP or PG correlated with a decrease in the content of lipid peroxidation products to a control level. Activities of SOD and catalase also returned to control values. GP produced the weakest effect on pro- and antioxidant state of the gastric mucosa. We concluded that the pronounced preventive effect of PGP and PG on the development of ethanol-induced erosions and ulcer lesions is largely determined by their antioxidant properties. Glyprolines can be considered as a promising means for prevention and treatment of stomach and duodenal ulcers.

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Pro-Gly-Pro and its metabolite Gly-Pro effectively prevented the development of erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastric mucosa in rats under conditions of water-immersion restraint stress by restoring the oxidatant-antioxidant balance in the total fraction of gastric mucosa cells. Pro-Gly was least effective in this respect. We conclude that glyprolines hold much promise as pharmaceutical products, which can be used in gastroenterological practice for the prevention and therapy of ulcer disease of the stomach and duodenum.

Glyprolines, short proline-containing peptides (Pro-Gly-Pro, Pro-Gly, and Gly-Pro) in concentrations of 10(-8)-10(-4) M decreased norepinephrine tone of the isolated rat aortic rings. The vasodilatory effect of Pro-Gly-Pro and Pro-Gly was associated with NO release from endotheliocytes, while Gly-Pro directly affected vascular smooth muscle cells.

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Glyprolines (PGP, GPG, GPGP, PGPGP, and GPGPGP) modulated histomorphological characteristics of acetate ulcers. They accelerated healing of acetate ulcers, promote complete differentiation of the surface epithelium and glands in the gastric mucosa, contributed to the appearance of a considerable number of fibroblasts at the site of the regenerating mucosa, and significantly decreased the count of macrophages.