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A questionnaire for measuring commitment in its normative dimension, based on reciprocity and responsibility as value to the work where a link to the organization based on loyalty of workers set was developed. An initial 30 item bank, built and reviewed with rigorous criteria were applied to a sample of 298 employees in a departament store chain (168 women, 56.4%, 130 men), aged between 18 and 65 (<em>M</em> = 32.5, <em>SD</em> = 9.6) years and schooling Baccalaureate (199, 67.8%). The seniority ranging from 1 to 34 years (<em>M</em> = 4.4 years, <em>SD</em> = 5.7). Using exploratory factor analysis with 28 items two factors explaining 45.1% of variance was identified: the first known loyalty-reciprocity; and the second compliance-responsibility. Reliability analysis indicated adequate internal consistency, α = .88. Concurrent validity was assessed by Pearson correlation with Organizational Commitment Questionnaire and Scale Values to Work. The results indicated that the dimensions of the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire Standards may be an option to assess this construct.

Resumen: Objetivo. Describir el significado que atribuyen cuidadores a los cuidados paliativos (CPS), así como su preferencia respecto a informar al paciente y su satisfacción con el papel de cuidador. Metodología. Estudio descriptivo transversal, muestra intencional de 40 cuidadores de enfermos neurológicos con necesidad de CPS. Se aplicó un cuestionario de conocimientos sobre el tema y sobrecarga. Se realizó análisis descriptivo-comparativo con un intervalo de confianza de 95% (p<0.05). Resultados. Pacientes: 52,6% hombres, edad promedio de 57,9 años, tiempo de enfermedad: 5 años, 2 hijos en promedio. Cuidadores: 77,5% mujeres, 25,0% cónyuges. Edad promedio: 49.3 años, proporcionan 18,5 horas de cuidado diario, 62,5% tenía estudios de secundaria o superiores, 40% son cuidadores únicos, 16,7% no cuenta con redes de apoyo y 42,5% presenta sobrecarga alta. Un 70% no tenía información previa sobre CPS. Significado: 50% mencionó "dar ayuda" (física o emocional), 20% "mejorar la calidad de vida". El 87,5% desearía ser informado con detalle si ellos fueran los pacientes, 86,1% quisiera ser informado por el médico y 62,5% se mostró a favor de que se le informara con detalle a su familiar. Conclusiones. Es importante difundir los CPS en cuidadores y estimular el derecho de los pacientes a recibir información sobre el pronóstico de su enfermedad. Palabras clave: cuidados paliativos, medicina paliativa, percepción, sobrecarga Pilot study with caregivers attending patients with neurologic diseases, about the meaning and knowledge of palliative care Abstract: Aim. To describe the meaning attributed to palliative care (PC) by caregivers, as well as their preference with respect to informing the patient and their satisfaction in their caring role. Methodology: Study descriptive transversal, sample intended of 40 caregivers of neurologic patients needing PC. A questionnaire about knowledge of the topic and their burnout status was applied. A descriptive-comparative analysis was carried out with 95% (p<0.05) confidence interval. Results: Patients: 52.6% men, average age 57.9 years, duration of disease: 5 years, average of 2 children. Caregivers: 77.5% women, 25.0% married, average age: 49.3 years, daily caring 18.5 hours, 62.5% with high School or university studies, 40% alone as caregivers, 16.7% do not count with support nets and 42.5% present high burn out status. Of them 70% did not have previous information about PC. Meaning: 50% mentioned "to give help" (physical or emotional), 20% "to enhance quality of life". 87.5% would like to be informed with detail if they were the patients, 86.1% would like to be informed by the physician and 62.5% were in favor to inform with detail to their family member. Conclusions: It is important to disseminate PC to caregivers and to stimulate the right of patients to receive information about the prognosis of their disease.

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En la inserción de los jóvenes al mercado laboral es importante la percepción de empleabilidad. El presente trabajo muestra las relaciones entre dicha empleabilidad, la regulación emocional, la iniciativa y la satisfacción vital en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios de la carrera de Comunicación Humana. Se evaluaron 117 estudiantes mediante un cuestionario elaborado ad hoc. En los resultados se apreciaron relaciones moderadas y significativas entre empleabilidad y armonía, mejora de emociones negativas, modificación de la situación, reorientación de la atención y satisfacción vital, lo que conduce a suponer que los alumnos que se perciben empleables se desarrollan en su área de su interés con pleno convencimiento. Además, aumentan sus habilidades para manejar emociones negativas mediante un sentimiento de satisfacción vital.

Recent studies have reported that older adults with cognitive or physical disabilities are at risk to suffer intimate partner violence. This article investigates the intimate partner violence among caregivers and persons with Parkinson’s disease (PD). We used qualitative methods to investigate whether the presence of violence was related to the type of couple relationship before the disease onset. We used a survey, in-depth interviews, and focus groups in 20 dyads of caregivers and patients. Twelve (60%) persons with PD and nine (45%) caregivers reported receiving violence. Considering their relationships previous to disease onset, we describe three typologies of violence in PD: (a) disease and history of violence, (b) disease as a buffer of violence, and (c) the burden of disease as an inductor of violence. Previous relationships and the couple’s biographical trajectories influence the types of violence and its nature. This study is relevant as it considers time as a crucial factor in both the violence and suffering of PD and its caregiving.