Avaliação Fitoquímica, quantificação de Fenóis e Flavonóides totais, Atividade antioxidante e antiacetilcolinesterase do extrato etanólico Da Talísia esculenta (Pitomba) Phytochemical evaluation, quantification of phenols and total Flavonoids, Antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity of the ethanolic extract Of Talísia esculenta (Pitomba)
The State’s Cocó Park in the city of Fortaleza-CE present mainly a mangrove flora and include landscape and medicinal plants. The aim of this study is determining the total phenol content, antioxidant activity against the free radical DPPH and the inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in ethanolic extracts of 30 medicinal plants and thus assess which plants have potential against Alzheimer's Disease. The plants rich in phenolic compounds with amounts ranging from 297.46 ± 26.94 to 599.30 ± 17.08 mg GAE/g plant extract, which showed greater antioxidant activities (with IC50 against DPPH radical from 3.44 ± 0.16 to 3.73 ± 0.12 µg mL-1) and higher acetylcholinesterase inhibiting power (IC50 < 20 μg mL-1) were Anacardium occidentale, Ceiba pentandraLaguncularia racemosa, Mangifera indica, Myracrodrum urundeuva and Terminalia catappa. Then, these species and their constituents are recommended for more specific studies related to Alzheimer´s Disease.
Insect resistance and environmental pollution are among the drawbacks of continuous use of synthetic insecticides against the vectors of dengue, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. The objective of this study was to analyze the composition of the essential oil of Lippia grata Schauer collected from plants, in three periods of the year, to compare the larvicidal activity and enzymatic inhibition of the dengue vectors. The oilsanalyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), presented thymol and 1,8-cineole, as the main constituents, in all three periods. This composition was different from that found in previous studies of the species from different places, thus, suggesting a new chemotype of Lippia grata. Larvicidal tests were performed at concentrations of 100, 75, 50, 25, and 12.5 μg.mL−1 and the essential oil from the rainy season showed the best results, with LC50 of 22.79 μg.mL−1 and 35.36 μg.mL−1 against Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, respectively; this result was better than other reports. In the rainy period, however, there was a greater variety of components, which led to a better larvicidal effect, possibly due to synergistic action with minor constituents. Total proteins, amylases, and acetylcholinesterase of both species were inhibited by the oils.
O Brasil possui uma grande flora distribuída por todo seu território, contendo a maior diversidade genética em espécies do mundo, muitas delas utilizadas para fins terapêutico. As plantas são as melhores fontes para a descoberta de compostos bioativos contra as doenças. A Doença de Alzheimer é uma doença neurodegenerativa caracterizada pela perda de memória, afeta principalmente a população com mais de 65 anos de idade. Este trabalho descreve um levantamento sobre extratos e óleos obtidos a partir de plantas da flora brasileira com potencial ação anticolinesterásica. Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática da produção científica em bases de dados da CAPES, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scielo, Science Direct, SciFinder, Scopus e Web of Science. Selecionou-se 41 artigos publicados entre 2011 e 2021. Foram identificadas 152 espécies vegetais distribuídas em 49 famílias botânicas, onde a Fabaceae foi a mais citada com 32 espécies (21,05%). A produção de extrato foi a principal forma escolhida, 253 vezes (93,36%). As folhas foram as partes mais utilizada, 94 vezes (43,12%). As extrações por etanol se destacaram com 140 vezes (51,66%). A maioria dos ensaios avaliou a inibição da acetilcolinesterase em microplaca de 96 poços, 182 ensaios (54,17%). De todas as espécies relatadas 110 promoveram a inibição, desse total 66,36% obtiveram uma alta intensidade. O estudo atingiu seu objetivo ao mostrar resultados relevantes na inibição da AChE, porém vale ressaltar que diante do tamanho da nossa flora, poucas espécies foram investigadas, tampouco foram testadas in vivo para se corroborar com os resultados dos ensaios in vitro.
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