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This paper reviews the literature on environmental innovation (EI) and systematizes it by means of an original methodology identifying the main directions in which the literature on EI has developed over time. In order to do so, two algorithms are adopted and used to analyse a citation network of journal articles and books. The main path analysis reveals that this literature revolves around the following topics: i) determinants of EI; ii) economic effects of EI; iii) environmental effects of EI and iv) policy inducement of EI. Each of these topics is discussed and implications from the main findings as well as possible future research extensions are outlined

This work investigates entrepreneurial intentions among academic scientists. Drawing from\ud the literature on entrepreneurial behavior, it contributes to delineate the differences in motivations\ud that are correlated with entrepreneurial intention to those that are considered to be linked to\ud entrepreneurial behaviors. By disentangling the concept of motivations in its ultimately basic\ud constructs of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, we investigate how these two different types of\ud motivations are related to the formation of entrepreneurial intention at the level of academic scientists.\ud Through a survey conducted at the University of Ferrara—one of the leading universities in Italy\ud in terms of technology transfer and scientific production—findings reveal that while academic\ud entrepreneurial intention seems to be mostly driven by intrinsic motivations, the effect of extrinsic\ud motivations, which are regarded as a main antecedent of entrepreneurial behavior among scientists,\ud are largely mediated by academic positions, work environment and different combinations of these\ud two factors. This work therefore highlights the importance of social norms in the investigation of\ud entrepreneurial intention in academia

Eco-innovation plays a crucial role in reducing carbon emissions. Exploiting the consolidated IPAT/STIRPAT framework, this paper studies whether a relationship exists between green technological change (measured as stock of green patent) and both CO2 emissions and emission efficiency (CO2/VA). To investigate this relation, a rich panel covering 95 Italian provinces from 1990 to 2010 is exploited. The main regression results suggest that green technology has not yet played a significant role in promoting environmental protection, although it improved significantly environmental productivity. Notably, this result is not driven by regional differences, and the main evidence is consistent among different areas of the country

This paper reviews the literature on environmental innovation (EI) and systematizes it by means of an original methodology identifying the main directions in which the literature on EI has developed over time. In order to do so, two algorithms are adopted and used to analyze a citation network of journal articles and books. The main path analysis reveals that this literature revolves around the following topics: i) determinants of EI; ii) economic effects of EI; iii) environmental effects of EI; and iv) policy inducement in EI. Each of these topics is discussed and implications from the main findings as well as possible future research extensions are outlined.

This paper investigates empirically the effect of market regulation and renewable energy policies on innovation 23 activity in different renewable energy technologies. For the EU countries and the years 1980 to 2007, we built a 24 unique dataset containing information on patent production in eight different technologies, proxies of market 25 regulation and technology-specific renewable energy policies. Our main finding is that, compared to privatisation 26 and unbundling, reducing entry barriers is a more significant driver of renewable energy innovation, but that its 27 effect varies across technologies and is stronger in technologies characterised by potential entry of small, inde-28 pendent power producers. In addition, the inducement effect of renewable energy policies is heterogeneous 29 and more pronounced for wind, which is the only technology that is mature and has high technological potential.30 Finally, ratification of the Kyoto protocol, which determined a more stable and less uncertain policy framework, 31 amplifies the inducement effect of both energy policy and market liberalisation.

Within the IEB framework, the Chair of Energy Sustainability promotes research into the production, supply and use of the energy needed to maintain social welfare and development, placing special emphasis on economic, environmental and social aspects. There are three main research areas of interest within the program: energy sustainability, competition and consumers, and energy firms. The energy sustainability research area covers topics as energy efficiency, CO2 capture and storage, R+D in energy, green certificate markets, smart grids and meters, green energy and biofuels. The competition and consumers area is oriented to research on wholesale markets, retail markets, regulation, competition and consumers. The research area on energy firms is devoted to the analysis of business strategies, social and corporative responsibility, and industrial organization. Disseminating research outputs to a broad audience is an important objective of the program, whose results must be relevant both at national and international level.ABSTRACT: We investigate the effect of energy liberalizations on policies that support renewable energy in a long panel of OECD countries. We estimate this effect accounting for the endogeneity of liberalization related to joint decisions within a country's energy strategy.Using regulation in other industries as instruments, we find that energy liberalization increases the public support to renewable energy. The effect of liberalization is the second largest after the effect of per-capita income and is fully driven by reductions in entry barriers, while the effect of privatization is negative. Finally, our results are robust to dynamic specifications and various policy indicators.JEL Codes: Q42, Q48, D72, O38

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