Metallothionein (MTs) is an enzyme that plays a role in the binding of metals in plants. Various types of rice have been known to contain MTs and IR-Bagendit rice leaves have the highest MTs protein content compared to other rice varieties. However, MTs coding gene in IR-Bagendit rice variety is still unknown. OsRAC1 gene is reported as the down-regulator of MTs and there is an analogous gene for MTs-like gene using RAP1 and RAP2 primers in various plants. This study aimed to isolate, identification of similarity, and analysis of qualitative expression of MTs gene in IR-Bagendit rice as compared to Inpari, IR-36, and IR-34. The steps of this research were DNA isolation, PCR in OsRAC1 gene, RNA isolation and cDNA reverse transcription using primer RP1 and RP2, and agarose gel electrophoresis. Amplification quality of OsRAC1 gene in IR-Bagendit, Inpari, IR-36, and IR-34 showed the same result. Qualitative expression of MTs by reverse transcription showed that IR-Bagendit has the highest MTs-like gene compared to other samples.
Inflamasi merupakan respon protektif setempat yang diperlukan tubuh untuk mempertahankan diri dari berbagai bahaya sekaligus memperbaiki kerusakan struktur dan gangguan fungsi jaringan yang ditimbulkan oleh bahaya tersebut (Baratawidjaja, 2002). Sel-sel yang berperan dalam inflamasi yaitu eritrosit, neutrofil, basofil, eosinofil, platelet, sel NK (natural killer), limfosit, sel mast, sel dendritik dan antigen presenting cells (Liao dkk, 2011). Apabila penyebab inflamasi tidak dapat disingkirkan, akan terjadi inflamasi kronik yang dapat merusak jaringan dan kehilangan fungsi sama sekali (Baratawidjaja, 2002). Oleh karena itu, inflamasi berlanjut perlu dicegah salah satunya dengan mengkonsumsi obat alternatif salah satunya adalah sarang walet putih (Collocalia fuciphaga). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi EBN burung walet sarang putih (C. fuchipaga) terhadap profil darah mencit (leukosittotal dan leukosit deferensial) pada jam kelima setelah diinduksi karagenan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 6 kelompok perlakuan, masing-masing 4 ulangan. Kelompok perlakuan terdiri atas kontrol normal, kontrol negatif, kontrol positif dan perlakuan pemberian ekstrak akuosa EBN dengan dosis 0,1; 1 dan 10 mg/ 20 g BB. Semua perlakuan diberikan secara peroral kemudian setelah satu jam tiap kelompok diinjeksi 0,05 ml karagenan 1% dalam NaCl 0,9% pada telapak kaki kanan mencit secara subkutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian EBN secara oral dapat dapat menurunkan secara signifikan (p<0,05) jumlah leukosit total dan leukosit deferensial terutama limfosit dan neutrofil. Kata kunci: Leukosit, Inflamasi, Karagenan, Sarang Walet Putih, EBN
Antibiotics from the aminoglycoside group, such as gentamicin, are frequently used for the infection therapy of gram-negative bacteria including Salmonella typhi. Some studies show that gentamicin can cause hepatotoxicity and increase the level of SGPT (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase). The purpose of this research is to figure out the decreasing SGPT level of male Wistar rats induced by gentamicin with the purslane ethanol extract. This research employed a post-test only control group design, utilizing 25 male Wistar rats divided into 5 groups. The normal control group (NorG) was without any treatment, while the positive control (PG) was intraperitoneally injected with gentamicin 60 mg/kg of rat body weight. The treatment groups consisted of P1, P2, and P3 were intraperitoneally injected with gentamicin at the dosage of 60 mg/kg of rat body weight for 7 days and then administered with purslane ethanol extract respectively at the dosage of 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg of rat body weight per oral for 7 days. The analysis on the SGPT level was conducted with the IFCC modification method using chemistry analyzer. One way ANOVA test shows that there were significant differences in SGPT levels among groups. LSD post hoc test shows that purslane ethanol extract at the dosage of 400 mg/kg of rat body weight significantly decreased the SGPT level (p<0.05) when compared to the positive control group. The administration of common purslane ethanol extract at the dosage of 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg of rat body weight can decrease the SGPT level of male Wistar rats induced by gentamicin.
Pain is a physiological condition that is generally experienced by almost all mothers in labor or pain during menstruation (dysmenorrhea). Pain causes tachycardia in the mother, increased oxygen consumption, lactic (lactic) acid production, hyperventilation with a risk of respiratory alkalosis, and increased skeletal muscle tension. Regiosarcal Counter Pressure is an effective therapy to reduce pain due to uterine contractions. Based on research that has been done, Regiosarcal counter-pressure therapy can reduce pain levels and has also been shown to slightly reduce prostaglandin (PGE-2) levels in an insignificant amount. Changes in PGE-2 are suspected to have an impact on the stimulant hormone Interleukin-6 (IL-6). This study aims to determine the levels of IL-6 and prostaglandins in the first stage of labor. The research method used quasi-experimental, with inclusion criteria of first-stage labor, no pelvic abnormalities and other abnormalities that hindered the process of vaginal delivery, primiparas, singleton pregnancies, the location of the head did not receive painkillers. The results obtained 25 respondents with an average age of 23.72 (± 2.89) years, the average concentration of IL-6 before therapy was 185.159 (± 3.76) pg/ml and the mean after therapy was 180.782 (± 22.05) pg. /ml, the mean concentration of PGE2 before treatment was 223.521 (± 72.73) pg/ml and the mean after treatment was 179.873 (± 110.61) pg/ml. Administration of regiosacral counter-pressure therapy did not significantly reduce the levels of the hormone IL-6 and prostaglandins in women who experienced uterine contractions.
One of the complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is damage to the kidneys. Using L. plantarum, it can reduce glucose levels so that it is also possible to repair damaged kidney structures. The process of repairing the kidney structure by L plantarum can be seen microscopically in the glomerulus with Alcian Blue staining (AB). The purpose of the study was to determine the differences in the microscopic results of DM rat kidneys after treatment of L. plantarum with AB staining. The study sample used the kidneys of DM mice. The kidney of DM mice that were given L. plantarum at a dose of 1.0 ml/mice in each treatment, T1 (dose 1×1 times a day), T2 (dose 1×2 times a day), T3 (dose 1×3 times a day), then performed AB staining. The results of cytoplasmic cells in the glomerulus in negative controls/sick mice are stained dark blue/concentrated (strong intensity) with a score of 4, normal controls/healthy mice are not stained blue (negative) with a score of 1. T1 is a stained light blue score of 3, T2 is a stained light blue score of 3, and T3 is a colored pale blue score of 2. Based on these results, it was found that the color intensity of the AB kidney treatment of DM rats was the best in reducing glucose residues.
Kualitas pewarnaan Diff-Quick bergantung pada beberapa faktor diantaranya adalah metode fiksasi yaitu fiksasi kering dan fiksasi basah. Kedua metode tersebut memiliki kekurangannya masing-masing, fiksasi kering dapat menyebabkan pecahnya sel sedangkan fiksasi basah lebih memakan waktu dan biaya dalam pengerjaannya, namun fiksasi kering lebih sering digunakan karena lebih cepat dan murah. Tujuan penelitian untuk membandingkan hasil pewarnaan Diff-Quick sediaan sitologi yang difiksasi dengan metode fiksasi kering dan metode fiksasi basah. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian eksperimen. Sampel diperoleh dari RS K.R.M.T. Wongsonegoro Semarang berjumlah 36 sediaan yang dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol, kelompok fiksasi kering, dan kelompok fiksasi basah. Ketiga kelompok tersebut diwarnai dengan Diff-Quick. Pewarnaan sediaan fiksasi kering memberikan hasil 4 sediaan kurang baik, 5 sediaan baik, dan 3 sediaan sangat baik sedangkan pewarnaan sediaan fiksasi basah memberikan hasil 0 sediaan kurang baik, 8 sediaan baik, dan 4 sediaan sangat baik. Hal ini menunjukkan hasil pewarnaan sediaan yang difiksasi basah memiliki kualitas yang cenderung lebih baik dan lebih konsisten dibanding hasil pewarnaan sediaan fiksasi kering. Meskipun secara statistik melalui uji Post-Hoc menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan, kualitas pewarnaan Diff-Quick sediaan sitologi yang difiksasi dengan metode fiksasi basah lebih baik dari pada fiksasi kering.
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