Enzootic haematuria and urinary bladder cancer in cattle are associated with feeding on bracken fern and bovine papillomavirus (BPV) infection. An increased rate of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes from chronically affected haematuric cows raised in bracken fern pastures has been reported, suggesting the presence of BPV in the peripheral blood of afflicted animals. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the role of peripheral blood as a potential BPVtransmitting agent and search for clastogenic effects in experimentally infected animals kept on a bracken fern-free diet. Healthy cows were inoculated with blood samples of haematuric animals every two weeks for 18 months. Recipient cows, their offspring, donor animals and a control group were kept on a bracken fern-free diet throughout the experiment. Clinical and molecular analyses for

This study has detected BPV-1 DNA sequences in wart, blood and plasma samples collected from animals affected by papillomatosis, suggesting viral presence inside the cell. We sellected an animal in which we could detect BPV-1 DNA sequences in wart, blood, placenta and amniotic liquid samples and her offspring which presented BPV-1 DNA sequences in blood sample collected immediately after birth. These results show a possible vertical transmission of BPV-1.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of treating osmotic diarrhea and dehydration in calves with hypertonic saline solution (HSS) IV, isotonic electrolyte solution (IES) PO, and a combination of these 2 solutions (HSS + IES).Experimental Design: Eighteen male calves 8-30 days of age were used to evaluate the efficacy of 3 methods of fluid therapy after induction of osmotic diarrhea and dehydration. The diarrhea and dehydration were induced by administration of saccharose, spironolactone, and hydrochlorothiazide for 48 hours. The animals were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups: Group 1: 7.2% hypertonic saline solution-HSS (5 mL/kg IV); Group 2: oral isotonic electrolyte solution IES (60 mL/kg PO); or Group 3: HSS+IES. Clinical signs and laboratory finding observed 48 hours post-induction (Time 0) included diarrhea, dehydration, lethargy, and metabolic acidosis.Results: Calves treated with HSS + IES experienced decreases in hematocrit, total protein concentration, albumin concentration, urea nitrogen concentration, and plasma volume as well as increases in blood pH, blood bicarbonate concentration, and central venous pressure between 1 and 3 hours post-treatment. These findings also were observed in animals treated with IES, however, at a slower rate than in the HSS + IES-treated animals. Animals treated with HSS continued to display signs of dehydration, lethargy, and metabolic acidosis 24 hours post-treatment.Conclusion: Treatment with a combination of HSS and IES produced rapid and sustainable correction of hypovolemia and metabolic acidosis in calves with noninfections diarrhea and dehydration.

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To establish reference values and to assess the influence of age on the leukograms of healthy Holstein calves, blood samples were obtained from 300 animals. These samples were distributed equally (n=20) among 15 experimental groups according to age: birth to 8 hours, 9 to 16 hours, 17 to 24 hours, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 to 7 days, 8 to 9 days, 10 to 11 days, 12 to 13 days, 14 to 15 days, 16 to 20 days, 21 to 25 days and 26 to 30 days of age. The maximum numbers of leukocytes (9,305.0/mL), segmented neutrophils (6,551.2/mL) and total neutrophils (6,678.3/mL) were noted within the first 8 hours of life, while band neutrophils peaked in number (133.3/mL) between 9 and 16 hours after birth. Meanwhile, the maximum total lymphocyte (4,992.1/µL) and typical lymphocyte (4,686.1/µL) counts occurred between 21 and 25 days, whereas atypical lymphocytes (388.5/µL) reached their maximum number between 26 and 30 days, demonstrating an inversion of the neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio over time. Thus, the influence of age on the leukocyte count of the evaluated calves was verified. The release of endogenous corticosteroids during labor or at birth may contribute to this variation in leukograms with age.

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ResumoA fim de estabelecer os valores hematológicos e bioquímicos de ovinos da raça Dorper e avaliar a influência do sexo e idade nestas determinações, 72 animais foram distribuídos em três grupos experimentais de acordo com a faixa etária, sendo o Grupo 1 (G1) composto por animais com até 12 meses de idade (n=28), o Grupo 2 (G2) composto por animais de 13 a 36 meses de idade (n=37) e o Grupo 3 (G3) por animais de 37 a 60 meses de idade (n=7). Os animais foram distribuídos ainda em outros dois grupos exprimentais, de acordo com o sexo, sendo o Grupo 4 (G4) composto por fêmeas (n=57) e o grupo 5 (G5) por machos (n=15). Avaliando-se os resultados obtidos para os exames hematológicos e bioquímicos verificou-se que os valores médios de hemácias (13,4 ± 2,5x10 6 /mL), hemoglobina (12,6 ± 1,3 g/dL), volume globular (37,5 ± 3,7%), leucócitos totais (7.116,0 ± 1.967,0/mL) e neutrófilos segmentados (4.168,0 ± 1.501,0/mL) foram maiores nos animais do G1, assim como a ureia, GGT e FA (52,0 ± 17,0 mg/dL, 93,0 ± 19,0 UI / L e 257,0 ± 125,0 UI / L, respectivamente). Comparando-se os sexos, verificou-se que os valores de leucócitos totais (7.576,0 ± 2.082,0/mL), neutrófilos segmentados (4.296,0 ± 1.510,0/mL) e linfócitos (2.428,0 ± 1.084,0/mL) foram maiores nos machos (G5). Os valores de creatinina (1,3 ± 0,4 mg/dL), proteínas totais séricas (6,3 ± 0,9 g/dL) e globulinas (3,7 ± 1,0 g/dL) foram maiores nas fêmeas (G4). A análise estatística dos resultados encontrados permitiu determinar os valores de referência para os constituintes hematológicos e bioquímicos de ovinos da raça Dorper, além de concluir que ocorreram variações nos referidos parâmetros, influenciados pelo sexo e por diferentes faixas etárias. Palavras-chave: Hematologia, bioquímica, ovinos AbstractIn order to establish hematological and biochemical Dorper sheep values and evaluate the influence of sex and age in these determinations, 72 animals were assigned to three experimental groups according to age: Group 1 (G1) consisting of animals up to 12 months of age (n=28), Group 2 (G2) composed of animals from 13 to 36 months (n=37) and Group 3 (G3) for animals from 37 to 60 months (n=7). The animals were still divided in another two groups according to gender: Group 4 (G4) -females (n=57) and Group 5 (G5) -males (n=15). Evaluating the results obtained for hematological and biochemical examinations it was found that the mean values of RBC (13.4 ± 2.5x10 6 /mL), hemoglobin (12.6 ± 1.3 g/dL), packed cell volume (37.5 ± 3.7%), total leukocytes (7116.0 ± 1967.0/mL) and segmented neutrophils (4168.0 ± 1501.0/mL) were higher in the animals of G1, as well as urea, GGT and ALP