-Hematological and biochemistry values can be used to detect alterations caused by pathogenic agents and to establish differences between states of health and disease. The aim of this study was to perform hemogram and serum biochemistry examination in primates from the illegal captivity, considering the sex and body mass. Fifteen capuchin monkeys (Sapajus spp.) were examined (9 males and 6 females). All subjects underwent physical exams and clinical laboratory tests. Hemograms were performed using a Sysmex XT-1800i. A leukocyte count was performed on blood smears stained with Quick Panoptic. Serum biochemistry tests were performed with commercial Kits to evaluate the following parameters: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin, total protein (TP), triglycerides, cholesterol, urea nitrogen, creatinine, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). All variables were submitted to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Comparisons of individual means were examined with the Tukey test with p < 0.05. Males were heavier than females (2.86 ± 0.99 and 1.83 ± 0.27 Kg, respectively). However, sex and body mass do not influence in blood variables. Differences observed in this study can be attributed to factors related to the anesthetic protocol, among other elements of the methodology used, and/or management/environmental variations. Laboratorial tests associated with a detailed clinical examination contributed to the better understanding of the hemogram and serum biochemistry variables. In addition, it provides more accurate and comprehensive data for clinical decision making while working with captive animals.Keyword: Nonhuman primates; hematology; serum biochemistry.RESUMO -Os valores hematológicos e bioquímicos podem ser usados para detectar alterações causadas por agentes patogênicos e para estabelecer diferenças entre estados de saúde e doença. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar exames de hemograma e bioquímica sérica em primatas oriundos do cativeiro ilegal considerando o sexo e a massa corporal. Foram examinados 15 macacos-prego (Sapajus spp.) (9 machos e 6 fêmeas). Todos os indivíduos foram avaliados clinicamente e por exames laboratoriais. Os hemogramas foram realizados pelo Sysmex XT-1800i. A contagem de leucócitos foi realizada em esfregaços de sangue corados com Panótico rápido. Os testes bioquímicos foram realizados com kits comerciais para avaliar os seguintes parâmetros: alanina aminotransferase (ALT), aspartato aminotransferase (AST), gama-glutamil transferase (GGT), fosfatase alcalina (ALP), albumina, proteínas totais (TP), os triglicéridos, colesterol, ureia, creatinina e lactato desidrogenase (LDH). Todas as variáveis foram submetidas à análise de variância (ANOVA um critério). A comparação de médias foi realizada com o teste de Tukey com p < 0,05. Os machos foram significativamente mais pesados que as fêmeas (2,86 ± 0,99 e 1,83 ± 0,27 kg, respectivamente). No entanto, o sexo e massa corporal não influenciaram ...