The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of age on endothelial morphology and morphometry in cats. The corneal endothelium was studied using a contact specular microscope. A total of 18 cats (Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758) were evaluated in this study. The subjects were divided into three groups of six cats each in function of age: G1 (1 to 3 months old), G2 (5 to 12 months old), and G3 (24 to 40 months old). The examination presented data as endothelial cell density (ECD), average cell area, corneal thickness, polymegathism, and pleomorphism. Results revealed ECD decrease in corneas of normal cats with age, as well as a corresponding increase in endothelial cell area and pleomorphism. The present work suggests that the endothelial parameters evaluated change with advancing age.
Knowing the representative values of endothelial density and the probabilities of occurrence over a lifetime can help surgeons determine the risk to the cornea of anterior segment surgery. It can also be useful in following eyes with disease affecting the endothelium and in preparing and evaluating corneal specular microscopy reports.
Pesq. Vet. Bras. 28(9):427-430, setembro 2008 RESUMO.-[Análise morfológica com microscopia especular do endotélio corneal em olhos de cães.] Foram estudados 20 olhos de 10 cães sem raça definida, machos e fêmeas com 6 anos de idade. A morfologia das células do endotélio da córnea foi analisada utilizando-se microscópio especular de contato. Foram estudadas as regiões central e periférica da córnea. De cada região da córnea foram realizadas três micrografias. De cada micrografia foram analisadas no mínimo 100 células endoteliais. Foram obtidos os valores do polimegatismo e pleomorfismo. O endotélio corneano de cães caracterizou-se por uma monocamada de células poligonais uniformes em tamanho e forma. A forma predominante das células endoteliais foi hexagonal. O índice de polimegatismo foi 0.22. Este estudo demonstrou que a morfologia das células do endotélio da córnea de cães é semelhante à observada em humanos. INTRODUCTIONThe corneal endothelium is a single layer of polygonal cells on the inner surface of the cornea. The endothelial integrity and metabolic activity are essential for continuous maintenance of corneal dehydration and transparency (Waring et al. 1982). Ageing results in a gradual reduction in endothelial cell density and an increase in cell area variability in those species that exhibit minimal mitotic potential (Jackson et al. 1995). Furthermore, morphological changes of endothelium associated with cell loss occur in many conditions including corneal dystrophies, keratoconus, glaucoma, uveitis, blunt ocular trauma, cataract ex-
Corneal endothelium constitutes a monolayer of polygonal cells. The integrity and health of this layer are essential for the maintenance of normal corneal transparency. This study reported by the first time in a detailed RESUMO O endotélio corneal é uma monocamada de células poligonais. A integridade e saúde dessa camada são essenciais para a manutenção da transparência corneal normal. Este estudo reportou pela primeira vez, de forma detalhada, a morfologia ultra-estrutural e a morfometria do endotélio corneal de suínos adultos mestiços à microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV
A very high number of CSM examinations had sample errors based on Cells Analyzer software. The endothelial sample size (examinations) needs to include more cells to be reliable and reproducible. The Cells Analyzer tutorial routine will be useful for CSM examination reliability and reproducibility.
RESUMOO endotélio, constituído de uma monocamada de células poligonais, constitui-se na estrutura mais posterior da córnea. Objetivou-se examinar a superfície posterior do endotélio corneano e realizar análise morfométrica das células endoteliais da córnea de coelhos valendo-se da microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Avaliaram-se o número de lados, a área celular média, a densidade celular e o coeficiente de variação da área celular. O endotélio corneano de coelhos constitui-se de células poligonais uniformes em tamanho e forma, e com interdigitações das bordas celulares. Vizibilizaram-se microvilosidades na superfície celular. Relativamente à forma celular encontraram-se células na maioria hexagonais (75%) com células pentagonais (14%) e heptagonais (11%) constituindo o restante do endotélio corneano. A área celular média foi de 174 ± 32 µm 2 e a densidade celular foi de 5747 ± 238 células por milímetro quadrado. O coeficiente de variação foi de 0.21. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os parâmetros avaliados entre os olhos esquerdo e direito. Este estudo demonstrou que o endotélio corneano de coelhos é semelhante ao descrito em outros vertebrados.Descritores: endotélio corneano, morfometria, microscopia eletrônica de varredura, coelhos. ABSTRACTThe endothelium is a single layer of polygonal cells covering the posterior surface of the cornea. The aim of this study was to examine the endothelial surface morphology and to perform morphometric analysis of the corneal endothelial cells of rabbits using scanning electron microscopy. Morphometric analysis with regard to polygonality, mean cell area, cell density and coefficient of variation of mean cell area was performed. The corneal endothelium of rabbits consisted of polygonal cells of uniform size and shape with interdigitations of the cell borders. Microvilli appearead on the cellular surface. Regarding the polygonality of endothelium, the predominant number of cells was hexagonal (75%) in shape with pentagonal (14%), and heptagonal (11%) cells constituting the greater portion of the remaining corneal endothelium. The mean cell area was 174 ± 32 µm 2 and the cell density was 5747 ± 238 cells per milimeters square. The coefficient of variation of cell area was 0.21. This study demonstrates that the rabbit's corneal endothelium is similar to those described in other vertebrates.
The aim of this study was to examine the endothelial surface and to perform a morphometric analysis of the corneal endothelial cells in normal eyes of dogs using specular microscopy. Morphometric analysis with regard mean cell area and cell density was performed. Both eyes of ten mixed-breed, males and females, with 6 years of age, weighing about 15 kg euthanatized for reasons unrelated to this study were evaluated. Eyes were examined to determine that they did not have visible ocular disease and transported to the laboratory in moist chamber. Using a contact specular microscope the corneal endothelium was examined. Three images of the central corneal endothelium of each eye were obtained. The mean cell area and the cell density of the corneal endothelial cells were obtained using software for corneal endothelium analysis and density measurement. The mean cell area was 395 ± 36 µm 2 and the endothelial cell density was 2555 ± 240 cells/mm 2 . The present work demonstrates that the normal corneal endothelium of dog is similar to those described in human.
0.05). CONCLUSION: There was an increase in the blinking time between young adults and the presbyopic group in VDT use situations when compared with reading situations. The difference in the blinking frequency between young adults and the presbyopic group in VDT use and reading situations was not statistically significant.]]>
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