The Cerrado biome has high species richness, endemism and spatial heterogeneity. Knowing the main characteristics and peculiarities of the flora is essential to adequately protect the species richness of the Cerrado. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the species richness, alpha diversity and beta diversity of four vegetation types in the Paracatu River Basin (15°30'/19°30'S and 45°10'/47°30'W), Paracatu-MG. The four vegetation types cerrado (stricto sensu, "cerradão" or Savannah woodland, deciduous seasonal forest and riparian forest) were sampled following the Manual for Monitoring Permanent Plots of the Cerrado and Pantanal Biomes. Alpha diversity was assessed using the Simpson (Ds´) and Shannon & Wiener (H') indexes, and beta diversity using the Sørensen and Jaccard similarity indexes. The "cerradão" vegetation type had the highest number of species (106) and highest alpha diversity (3.83nats.ind -1 ). The cerrado stricto sensu had the lowest species richness (54 species) and alpha diversity value (2.65 nats. ind -1 ). Beta diversity was high (low Jaccard and Sørensen similarity) except between cerrado stricto sensu and "cerradão". The initial hypothesis of this study was rejected, because although the phytophysiognomies are located on the same land system, the beta diversity is high, except for the cerrado stricto sensu and "cerradão", which had similar diversity.
O cerrado sentido restrito ocorre frequentemente associado a solos distróficos e bem drenados. Entretanto, próximo a alguns rios esta comunidade ocorre associada a neossolos flúvicos onde, durante a estação chuvosa a vegetação lida com estresse por anoxia. O presente trabalho visa analisar a fitossociologia do cerrado sentido restrito sobre neossolos flúvicos em Paracatu-MG (17°28'12,43"; 46°33'51,99"). O sistema de amostragem foi baseado em 1O parcelas de 20x50m (lha), parcelas aleatórias onde todas as árvores, Db30cm ≥ 5cm, tiveram medidos seus diâmetros e alturas. Foram amostradas 54 espécies, que resultaram em 706 indlha-1 e 6,4 7 m2,ha·1 de área basal. Curatella americana (80,2-26,7%), Byrsonima crassifolia (34,5-11,5%), Eugenia dysenterica (18,13-6,04%), Zanthoxylum riedelianum (11,2-3,73%) e Dipteryx alata (10,1-3,48%) destacaram-se como as mais importantes na comunidade, e, juntas, somaram 51,4% do lVI total. A anoxia, produto do alagamento periódico neste cerrado associado a solos aluviais, aparentemente contribuiu para a formação da comunidade que mostrou riqueza, diversidade, densidade e dominância menores quando comparada com 29 outras áreas no cerrado sentido restrito associado a solos bem drenados.
The application of low impact silvicultural management techniques encourage the growth of tree species of high commercial value without interfering negatively in natural regeneration. The Myracroduon urundeuva has high mechanical strength, high density and considerable durability, therefore being highly used in construction, woodworking and carpentry, but had an intense and predatory exploration process devastating its natural populations due to its multiple uses The objectives of this study were to evaluate the diametrical increase of Myracroduon urundeuva Allemão adults and assess the influence of competition elimination treatments on the population structure and dynamics. A total of twelve plots of 750 m² were established side by side. The experimental plots were randomly submitted to different treatments after the vegetation survey: (T1) -witness; T 2 -removal of woody species within a onemeter radius (1 m) for each individual of Myracrodruon urundeuva with DBH > 9 cm; treatment 3 (T3) -same as T2 plus the removal of vines throughout the plot. A total of 22 individuals were submitted to tree log scaling using the non-destructive method of Huber in October 2014. The relative gains in diameter were higher in treatment 3. Diameter increase was observed in the ten-year period, where the total for the witness treatment is 2.25 cm/year. The treatment T 2 had a diameter growth of 0.90 cm/year and T3 of 2.94 cm/year. The hypsometric equation has precision measurements similar to those found in the adjustments of hypsometric equations for natural forests and for isolated species. The volumetric models were of good performance highlighting the Näslund model.
Two topics have acquired increasing attention in academia: knowledge management and startup management. This article aims to explore these two themes because few pieces of research have explored them, although startups have economic relevance and have knowledge as main resource. The main objective is to reveal the application process of the Asian Productivity Organization's (APO) Knowledge Management Framework applied to a startup in Florianópolis/SC. The results demonstrate the adherence of the method for the diagnosis and the indication of the paths to be adopted, focusing on the improvement of knowledge management in a startup.
O cerrado sentido restrito ocorre frequentemente associado a solos distróficos e bem drenados. Entretanto, próximo a alguns rios esta comunidade ocorre associada a Neossolos Flúvicos onde, durante a estação chuvosa a vegetação lida com a anoxia. O presente trabalho visa a caracterização de uma comunidade de cerrado sentido restrito sobre Neossolo Flúvico em Paracatu-MG (17°28’12.43”; 46°33’51.99’’). O levantamento florístico foi realizado através de caminhadas aleatórias por toda a área, e durante o período de doze meses subsequentes foram coletadas mensalmente, plantas em fase reprodutiva. Foram encontradas 70 espécies distribuídas em 61 gêneros e 33 famílias, incluindo tanto espécies amplamente distribuídas no bioma, Curatella americana e Astronium graveolens, quanto espécies de distribuição mais restrita como Copaifera oblongifolia e Sapium haematospermum. O resultado do TWINSPAN, corroborou com os resultados da CCA, numa clara separação das parcelas por seus níveis de fertilidade e condições de alagamento a qual são submetidas. Conforme revelou o agrupamento UPGMA, a florística desta área está fortemente relacionada com outras áreas que também sofrem alagamento, mesmo estando geograficamente distantes. Assim, o alagamento sazonal interfere no comportamento do cerrado sentido restrito analisado, o que o torna peculiar do ponto de vista estrutural com relação às demais áreas comparadas.
The Legado Verdes do Cerrado Sustainable Development Reserve is home to the largest private contiguous area of native vegetation in the Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna) biome, but its flora is still little studied. A floristic and phytosociological study was carried out in four phytophysiognomies of the Reserve (cerrado sensu stricto, cerradão, dry forest and ciliary forest). Eighty 10 x 10-m plots were systematically installed, with 20 in each phytophysiognomy. All live woody individuals with diameter at breast height ≥ 5 cm and height greater than 130 cm were measured. A total of 933 live individuals were sampled, with an estimated density of 1,166 ind ha-1, belonging to 154 species and 46 families. Diversity and equability were assessed at 4.47 nats ind-1 and 0.88, respectively. The diametric distribution of the individuals showed a negative exponential (reverse J), while the one for height classes showed a tendency towards normal distribution. Species richness and structural parameters were within the values found for native vegetation, except for the cerrado sensu stricto.
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