The Cerrado biome has high species richness, endemism and spatial heterogeneity. Knowing the main characteristics and peculiarities of the flora is essential to adequately protect the species richness of the Cerrado. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the species richness, alpha diversity and beta diversity of four vegetation types in the Paracatu River Basin (15°30'/19°30'S and 45°10'/47°30'W), Paracatu-MG. The four vegetation types cerrado (stricto sensu, "cerradão" or Savannah woodland, deciduous seasonal forest and riparian forest) were sampled following the Manual for Monitoring Permanent Plots of the Cerrado and Pantanal Biomes. Alpha diversity was assessed using the Simpson (Ds´) and Shannon & Wiener (H') indexes, and beta diversity using the Sørensen and Jaccard similarity indexes. The "cerradão" vegetation type had the highest number of species (106) and highest alpha diversity (3.83nats.ind -1 ). The cerrado stricto sensu had the lowest species richness (54 species) and alpha diversity value (2.65 nats. ind -1 ). Beta diversity was high (low Jaccard and Sørensen similarity) except between cerrado stricto sensu and "cerradão". The initial hypothesis of this study was rejected, because although the phytophysiognomies are located on the same land system, the beta diversity is high, except for the cerrado stricto sensu and "cerradão", which had similar diversity.
O cerrado sentido restrito ocorre frequentemente associado a solos distróficos e bem drenados. Entretanto, próximo a alguns rios esta comunidade ocorre associada a neossolos flúvicos onde, durante a estação chuvosa a vegetação lida com estresse por anoxia. O presente trabalho visa analisar a fitossociologia do cerrado sentido restrito sobre neossolos flúvicos em Paracatu-MG (17°28'12,43"; 46°33'51,99"). O sistema de amostragem foi baseado em 1O parcelas de 20x50m (lha), parcelas aleatórias onde todas as árvores, Db30cm ≥ 5cm, tiveram medidos seus diâmetros e alturas. Foram amostradas 54 espécies, que resultaram em 706 indlha-1 e 6,4 7 m2,ha·1 de área basal. Curatella americana (80,2-26,7%), Byrsonima crassifolia (34,5-11,5%), Eugenia dysenterica (18,13-6,04%), Zanthoxylum riedelianum (11,2-3,73%) e Dipteryx alata (10,1-3,48%) destacaram-se como as mais importantes na comunidade, e, juntas, somaram 51,4% do lVI total. A anoxia, produto do alagamento periódico neste cerrado associado a solos aluviais, aparentemente contribuiu para a formação da comunidade que mostrou riqueza, diversidade, densidade e dominância menores quando comparada com 29 outras áreas no cerrado sentido restrito associado a solos bem drenados.
The application of low impact silvicultural management techniques encourage the growth of tree species of high commercial value without interfering negatively in natural regeneration. The Myracroduon urundeuva has high mechanical strength, high density and considerable durability, therefore being highly used in construction, woodworking and carpentry, but had an intense and predatory exploration process devastating its natural populations due to its multiple uses The objectives of this study were to evaluate the diametrical increase of Myracroduon urundeuva Allemão adults and assess the influence of competition elimination treatments on the population structure and dynamics. A total of twelve plots of 750 m² were established side by side. The experimental plots were randomly submitted to different treatments after the vegetation survey: (T1) -witness; T 2 -removal of woody species within a onemeter radius (1 m) for each individual of Myracrodruon urundeuva with DBH > 9 cm; treatment 3 (T3) -same as T2 plus the removal of vines throughout the plot. A total of 22 individuals were submitted to tree log scaling using the non-destructive method of Huber in October 2014. The relative gains in diameter were higher in treatment 3. Diameter increase was observed in the ten-year period, where the total for the witness treatment is 2.25 cm/year. The treatment T 2 had a diameter growth of 0.90 cm/year and T3 of 2.94 cm/year. The hypsometric equation has precision measurements similar to those found in the adjustments of hypsometric equations for natural forests and for isolated species. The volumetric models were of good performance highlighting the Näslund model.
Resumo: A proposta de nosso artigo é apresentar algumas considerações sobre a obra de Friedrich A. Hayek, um importante autor da teoria política contemporânea. Abordaremos alguns dos pontos fundamentais de seu pensamento, entre os quais, seu conceito de liberdade individual, suas reflexões sobre a democracia, e o Estado liberal. Pretendemos também, no campo das relações internacionais, tratar das perspectivas do autor sobre a ordem internacional no período posterior a segunda guerra mundial.Palavras-chave: Liberalismo, Democracia, Relações Internacionais. Liberty, Democracy and International Relations in Friedrich A. HayekAbstract: The purpose of this article is to present some thoughts on the work of Friedrich A. Hayek, an important author of contemporary political theory. We will address some of the key points of his theory, including his concept of individual freedom, his reflections on democracy and the liberal state. We also intend, in the field of international relations, present the author's views on the international order in the period after World War II.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.