In view of the implementation of new care strategies for mothers of high-risk babies attended at neonatal units through a program involving play, recreation and educational activities, this study aims to analyze this experience according to these women's perspectives. A qualitative and descriptive study was conducted at the University Hospital of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Seven mothers were interviewed who had attended at least three activity sessions in the program and signed an informed consent document. The interviews were taped and were guided by the following question: "Tell us about your experience in these group meetings". It was observed that the mothers described the activities as "...they are nice and help to establish ties" and "...they are good because we get some distraction", thus revitalizing them to cope with the stress from long hospitalization. They pointed out the opportunity to learn about some types of care for their children through games and educational films -- "They solve many of our doubts, especially for those who have pre-term babies", as well as the opportunity to do manual work -- "We learned how to embroider, which was something no one knew how to do". This activity resulted in the production of clothing for the child. It was concluded that the program contributed to the process of constructing a more integral and humanized care by focusing on the family and broadening the perspective on hospitals as places that also offer leisure.
O Brasil é o maior produtor de cana-de-açúcar do mundo. Em 2003, a área ocupada com plantações de cana-de-açúcar foi de 5,3 milhões de hectares, dos quais 3,3 milhões na região Sudeste. Neste período foram plantados 161.850 ha no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, tendo a região Norte Fluminense 91% de toda a área plantada do Estado, aproximadamente, 147.285 ha (IBGE, 2005) O valor nutricional da cana está diretamente ligado ao seu alto teor de açúcar (40 a 50% de açúcares na matéria seca), uma vez que o seu conteúdo proteico é extremamente baixo, o que lhe confere a característica de ser um alimento muito desbalanceado em relação a seus nutrientes. A cana é uma planta composta, em média, de 65 a 75% de água, mas seu principal componente é a sacarose, que corresponde de 70 a 91% das substâncias sólidas solúveis. Caldo de cana ou garapa é o nome que se dá ao líquido extraído da cana-de-açúcar no processo de moagem. É um alimento muito energético, assim como a rapadura, que é feita através de processamento após a concentração do caldo. Do caldo de cana também são feitos melado e açúcar mascavo. O caldo conserva todos os nutrientes da cana-de-açúcar, entre eles minerais (de 3 a 5%) como ferro, cálcio, potássio, sódio, fósforo, magnésio e cloro, além de vitaminas do complexo B e C (FAVA, 2004).A composição dos alimentos pode variar em razão de diversos fatores. No caso da cana-de-açúcar, a deficiência de potássio acarreta menor teor de açúcar no colmo devido à função da ativação enzimática que este mineral possui, participando no transporte de carboidratos. A deficiência de cálcio pode ser AbstractSugar cane is an easily adaptable crop to diverse climate conditions, and it is used in the manufacturing of many different products. Among those products is the syrup, which is popularly known to be good sources of iron. In this work, we aimed to measure the concentration of some minerals in commercial sugar cane syrup brands and syrup prepared in the laboratory using stainless steel equipment. A total of 20 samples were analyzed, 10 of commercial brands and ten prepared in the laboratory. The samples were prepared by wet-air oxidation of organic matter and the contents of Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Fe were determined by atomic absorption. Na and K were determined by photometry and P by colorimetry. It was found that the mean concentration of Fe, P, Na, and Mn were higher in the commercial products than in that prepared in the laboratory using stainless steel equipment. On the other hand, it was found that the calcium content was higher in the laboratory made syrup, which is in agreement with the Ca content found for the sugarcane juice. There was no significant difference in the concentration of the other tested minerals. Keywords: foods nutrition facts; foods chemical composition; beverage. ResumoA cana-de-açúcar está entre as culturas que apresenta larga escala de adaptações às condições climáticas, sendo utilizada para a fabricação de diversos produtos. Dentre os produtos derivados da cana-de-açúcar, o melado é tido popularme...
The present study is related to the academic education of nursing students who participated in a public service program designed for parents of high-risk newborns assisted in neonatal units. It is a descriptive study that has as its objective to analyze the contribution of such professional experience for those students. The subjects of this investigation were nursing students aged 18 to 22 years old. These students performed ludic, educational and leisure activities with parents of high-risk newborns assisted in a university school in the city of Ribeirão Preto. Data were collected by means of a questionnaires through which the subjects reported their experience in the project (advantages, disadvantages and contributions to their education). The answers were analyzed through the thematic analysis technique. Results showed that the program expanded students' view concerning nursing care and hospital care (beyond disease). It also improved interpersonal relationships; promoted the development of skills and the acquisition of knowledge and values. Thus contributing to students academic education and creativity.
SUMMARYObjective: Describe implementation of a successful program to reduce doses (cefazolin 2 to 1 g) used for antimicrobial prophylaxis. Methods: Evaluation of an intervention program to reduce prophylactic antimicrobial doses. The intervention included weekly staff discussions, automatic dispensation of 1g-vial of cefazolin by the pharmacy unless expressly requested by surgeon and increase in post-discharge surveillance as a strategy to reassure surgeons of the safety of the reduction. In the pre and post intervention periods, a prospective study of antimicrobial consumption and surgical site infections were measured. Results: There were 5, 164 and 5,204 deliveries in 2001-2002 and 2003-2004, respectively; 1,524 (29.5%) and 1,363 (26%) were cesarean sections. There was a 45% decrease in cefazolin vials used on average per cesarean section (2.29 to 1.25). Patients evaluated increased from 16% to 67% and the SSI rates in both periods were 3.34% to 2.42%, respectively. Conclusion: An ample intervention, including administrative and educational measures, led to high compliance with dose reduction and saved more than US$4,000 in cefazolin, considered important because government reimbursement in Brazil for cesarean section is $80. KEYWORDS:Antimicrobial prophylaxis; Cesarean section; Compliance; Cefazolin; Surgical site infection.Major postoperative infectious complications such as endometritis and surgical site infection are important causes of maternal morbidity 10 . Antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended in order to decrease infectious complications in high risk cesarean sections 1,2,26 . In 1990, EHRENKRANZ et al. 10 demonstrated that routine timely antibiotic prophylaxis might be associated with a 70% to 75% reduction of risk of either endometritis or wound infection in low-risk cesarean sections. CHELMOW et al. 8 confirmed these findings in a meta-analysis demonstrating that prophylactic antibiotic use in low-risk cesarean sections was associated with a significant reduction in postoperative fever and endometritis. More recently, in a cost-analysis study this same group 7 concluded that administration of prophylactic antibiotics for elective cesarean delivery reduced costs by US$30.66 per case resulting in cost savings for elective cesarean delivery. Most clinical guidelines 2,9,11,13,23,27 advocate the use of a single dose of 1 to 2 g of cefazolin right after the clamping of the cord in cesarean deliveries. Increasing healthcare costs have led (or forced) hospitals and clinics to review procedures, in order to adjust their budgets. Also, concerns with antimicrobial resistance have pressured infection control specialists to decrease antimicrobial usage. There is a variation of dosage of cefazolin in the randomized controlled trials and both 1 and 2 grams are doses suggested in guidelines. To achieve the aim of the most cost effectiveness under limited resources, a single dose of 1 gram administered immediately after cord clamping among women undergoing cesarean section is the most appropriate. Despite th...
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