The objective of this article is to analyze the content of public communications in situations of political crisis. We aim to establish whether and to what extent there was partisan instrumentalization of the digital social media channels administered by State institutions during the impeachment of Dilma Rousseff. We analyzed all posts published between 2015 and 2016 on the official Twitter profiles of Brazil's Chamber of Deputies, Federal Senate, Presidential Palace and Federal Supreme Court. We considered all posts with the words 'impeachment', 'impedimento', ('impeachment') 'afastamento', ('impeachment') and 'golpe' ('coup') (n=795). Our methodology comprised a combination of quantitative (descriptive statistics) and qualitative (content analysis) strategies. We found that the Federal Senate's twitter profile most frequently posted the word 'impeachment', while the term 'golpe' was most frequently posted by the Presidential Palace profile. Over half of the publications fit into the category of 'dissemination of news'. The Presidential Palace's Twitter profile exhibited a distinct pattern of behavior, predominantly posting tweets associated with the 'promotion of ideas and expression of positions'. Therefore, the Presidential Palace favored a communications strategy with a partisan bias. This research is relevant as it uses empirical data to discuss phenomena tied to studies on public and political communication.
RESUMOCampanhas eleitorais por meio das redes sociais digitais possibilitam a comunicação direta entre o candidato e o eleitor, ampliando a disseminação da informação e a capacidade de mobilizar o eleitorado. Durante períodos eleitorais, grandes quantidades de informações são colocadas à disposição dos eleitores, seja por meio das plataformas dos candidatos, seja por meio de materiais gerados pelos meios de comunicação (como através de debates televisionados). A campanha eleitoral para a disputa do cargo de prefeito da cidade de Curitiba, nas eleições de 2016, teve um total de nove candidatos, os quais participaram de três debates. O objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar de que forma as postagens no Twitter dos candidatos se alteraram durante o período eleitoral. Procurase identificar em que sentido fatores paralelos, tais como debates e pesquisas eleitorais, podem alterar a utilização do Twitter pelos candidatos. Desta forma, duas hipóteses de pesquisa são apresentadas: 1) nos dias em que são realizados os debates, os candidatos utilizam o Twitter com maior intensidade; e 2) debates e divulgações de pesquisas provocam alterações nos temas postados pelos candidatos. Para tal fim, foram analisados 1807 tweets, postados pelos candidatos durante o período oficial de campanha, entre 16 de agosto e 1 de outubro de 2016. As postagens foram analisadas quantitativamente e qualitativamente, através da análise de conteúdo, tendo sido distribuídas em sete temas: Agenda e eventos, Imagem pessoal, Posicionamento, Campanha negativa, Mobilização e engajamento, Promessas e projetos e Outros. Entre os resultados encontrados, verifica-se que os debates provocaram um aumento na quantidade de tweets postados pelos candidatos nos dias correspondentes a tais eventos. Outro achado é que a divulgação de pesquisas eleitorais causou o aumento da quantidade de mensagens referentes ao tema da Campanha negativa postadas pelos candidatos que não lideravam as pesquisas. Palavras-chave: Campanha eleitoral. Comunicação política. Twitter. ABSTRACTElectoral campaigns through digital social networks allow direct communication between the candidate and the voter, increasing the dissemination of information and the capacity to mobilize the electorate. During election periods, large amounts of information are available to voters, either through candidate platforms or through mediagenerated materials (such as televised debates). The electoral campaign for the mayoral race of the city of Curitiba, in the 2016 elections, had a total of nine candidates, who participated in three debates. The objective of this research is to verify how the candidate's Twitter posts change during the election period. It seeks to identify in what sense parallel factors, such as debates and electoral surveys, can change the use of the Twitter tool by the candidates. Thus, two research hypotheses are presented: 1) on the days when the debates are held the candidates use Twitter with greater intensity; and 2) debates and research dissemination bring about changes in the topics p...
This article investigates the factors associated with the quality of transparency of the websites of Brazilian local governments. We also question the extent to which external control institutions have pressured municipal governments to improve their online transparency. Through multiple regression models, we discuss whether and how socio-demographic, political, and economic variables are relevant to explain the differences in e-transparency in 5,563 cities. The results show that, despite an institutionalization process of public transparency led by federal regulatory evolution, experiences at the local level remain heterogeneous. Population size, GDP per capita, education levels, and voter turnout are statistically important to explain the quality of e-transparency experiences. The main conclusion is that external regulators play a crucial role in shaping digital transparency due to the possibility of imposing legal penalties. Effective use of digital media to foster democratic practices involves pressure from external monitoring agencies willing to challenge a bureaucratic culture resistant to openness.
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