Due to issues in global warming in the world, the application of replacing fossil fuels to electricity is important to reduce air pollution, especially in the metropolitan area. In 2016, total emissions in Indonesia increased from 11th to 10th in the world and were the highest in ASEAN, so this became the focus in order to reduce emissions. What issues make efforts to change from conventional taxis to electric taxis an important measurement to achieve targets in energy-saving and reduce emissions because electric taxi has the potential to resource savings and to improve urban air quality. This study was conducted to diagnose the potential application of electric taxis by conducting a feasibility study, social impact, and environmental analysis in the implementation of the electric taxis to measure sustainability aspects. In the calculation process, the maintenance cost is estimated to be fixed. The results of this study from the cost-benefit analysis are expected to be able to contribute to the government and the private sectors for decision making towards increasing sustainability in Indonesia.
West Sumatra has great potential in developing biomass based on palm oil waste. This is because the largest plantation production in West Sumatra comes from the oil palm commodity of 1,082,820 tons in 2014. Therefore, it is necessary to design a model of supply chain biomass network for the distribution of Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) from CPO factory suppliers located in West Sumatra and distributed to Depot Pertamina Teluk Kabung. Stages performed in the implementation of this study began with a preliminary study to determine the potential of biomass in West Sumatra. Furthermore, the design of chain supply chain optimization model by identifying supply chain activity, knowing the characteristics of supply chain system and make the formulation of mathematical model. The design of supply chain biomass from Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) in West Sumatera, starting from raw material Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) sourced from Crude Palm Oil (CPO) factory in West Pasaman Regency and surrounding. This is because Pasaman Barat Regency is the central agroindustry of oil palm plantation which has 17 most palm oil factories in West Sumatra. The potential of bioethanol derived from CPO waste can be done by establishing bioethanol plant located with the same CPO factory so that it is adjacent to the source of the raw material. The result of the mathematical model mixed integer linear programming is placement of bioethanol plant location at PT Pasaman Marama Sejahtera with medium scale and total cost of IDR 251,563,700,000.00.
The main purpose of this paper is to define the generating value of biomass plants in Indonesia by a feasibility study. It is important to measure the optimal location to build biomass plants in Indonesia. Besides that. the need of supply of electrical energy in Indonesia is always increase in recent years. Based on data. three cities in Indonesia that potential become location to build those biomass plant from total organic wastes to generate total electricity through conversion of methane gas that produced from waste. In this paper. proposed method of feasibility study performed to achieve optimal value in the construction of biomass power plants and the optimal location to implant. The analysis through the data of total electricity generated from gas that calculated on feasibility aspect values on NPV. IRR. and PI. The result show. in three cities of Indonesia produce a positive feasibility value based on value of IRR that greater than 20% tax so that the Government of Indonesia can implementing biomass plants on those three cities
In this research, there will be a design driver brushless DC (BLDC), which on the input voltage of the motor driver applying direct current controllers and the implementation mechanism of soft starting the operator of BLDC, which uses fuzzy logic controllers. Testing is done with a view of controlling the application of direct current to the BLDC to many conditions, namely the amount of value given fuzzy logic and the load that is given to the mechanics. The design of the driving BLDC has successfully created and implemented by applying a direct current control and the results obtained in the form of efficiency that is better than the previous design. The soft starting mechanism that controls using the fuzzy logic method possible produces a low inrush current and generates steady conditions that are better on BLDC. For values that are applied to the load, the greater the torque load placed on the BLDC, the higher the initial current needed to achieve transient time equally and opposite that the smaller the torque load placed on the BLDC, then the lower torque the load required to achieve the transient time.
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