This research explored how the memes were created with multimodal elements that could make meaning to create a humorous sense and function as speech acts. With the complexity of meaning-making, nowadays, it had become a trend that people could communicate online through Memes. Semiotics provides how the combination of modes, media, and potential meanings, that were applied to make meaning in memes. At the same time, pragmatics proposes details on how memes can function as speech acts. This research adopted a qualitative method using multimodal analysis by Leeuwen (2005) and speech acts theory by Bach and Harnish (1980) that were employed as the theoretical framework. A total of 16 memes were retrieved and captured as JPG files from social media and other internet websites; therefore, documentation was the only technique used in this research. The results of the study showed that (1) the integration of semiotic resources such as mode, media, and meaning potentials in memes aided the readers to understand the background knowledge of memes (2) two types of communicative illocutionary acts were found in the memes: constative and directive illocutionary acts which function to express the emotion or opinions and question something (3) the effects of using internet memes could be seen through verbal and non-verbal perlocutionary acts which showed an agreement and had the same feeling as in the memes. Finally, the memes containing multimodal components composed of semiotic resources interacted creatively to make humorous sense, and it could aid the readers to communicate online.
The preliminary analysis found that most of the students encountered several difficulties in achieving the target score of the Test of English Proficiency (TEP), such as low motivation and lack of vocabulary. Thus, this study attempts to develop the appropriate learning materials of the TEP preparation course for English Department students through Edmodo as the Learning Management System (LMS). Through the Research and Development method and employed the ADDIE model, 15 (fifteen) English Department students were involved as the research subject. Various procedures used in the ADDIE are: (1) Analysis, (2) Design, (3) Development, (4) Implementation, and (5) Evaluation. The results show that the students perceived positive perception towards TEP learning materials, the content of the materials, and Edmodo as the LMS for the TEP preparation course. Finally, some suggestions are also given for further researchers: providing tutorials and creating a more colourful design. DOI: 10.26905/enjourme.v7i1.7036
In multilingual communities, Surabaya-Indonesia is one of them, people commonly use at least two languages, indigenous and national languages. Due to the Javanese is the greatest ethnic group in Surabaya and Javanese is the most spoken, people still use Javanese language to communicate. However, an interesting phenomenon is detected in Instagram of "aslisuroboyo" account. Surprisingly, English is also frequently used by Netizens. Thus, this study tries to reveal the dominant language use and the reasons for the use of English in this account. Using netnography and virtual interview, the data were obtained. The results show that the Javanese was mostly used. However, the netizens were detected to use the English as well in the form of code-mixing. It is also revealed that women had a tendency to mix their languages while men did not. Some Javanese informants confessed that the use of English is for gaining prestige. This may suggest that the Javanese language has been losing its power to boost its users' self-esteem in globaldigital communication particularly in its written mode. Tactful instruction of the Javanese language should be made in order that this indigenous language can win the floor in written communication for its speakers.
Both philosophy and curriculum are a crucial part of education. Philosophy becomes a very important foundation of the curriculum since it affects the objectives of learning and content, as well as the structure of the curriculum (Ornstein & Hunkins, 2018). Thus, philosophy is included in the three aspects of curriculum development. It also aims to determine the process of teaching and learning. Therefore, this study attempts to reveal the philosophical foundation employed in the textbook and its relation to curriculum 2013. This study was based on the inferential content analysis, so the object was an English textbook under the title ‘Forward an English Course for Vocational School Students Grade X’. It applied linguistics and communication construct analysis to make an inference. Then, it recorded and categorized the data. The inferences were examined through attribution analysis. The results found there were ten points related to the content and the structure of the textbooks. It also revealed the philosophical foundations employed in the textbook, for instance, essentialism, perennialism, humanism, existentialism, social reconstruction, and progressivism. These philosophical foundations are in line with the philosophical foundations implied in curriculum 2013. Finally, both English textbooks for vocational students and curriculum 2013 more concerned with the student’s character and skills. The skills that should be developed to engage with this 21st century such as critical thinking, problem-solving, communication, collaboration, creativity, and innovation.
In dealing with syllabus design, teachers must recognize their roles in syllabus design since they are taking part in it. Consequently, this current study attempts to explore Indonesian secondary EFL teachers concerning their roles in syllabus design. It covers three points: their general perceptions, their boundaries, and their qualification as the EFL teacher in syllabus design. The main theory used in this study is by Nunan (2000) related to the roles in syllabus design. This study applied a qualitative approach using open-ended questionnaires and virtual interviews as the instrument of the study. A total of five respondents have participated in this current study. The results found that the teachers believe that they have a role as the implementer and designer of syllabus design. Related to their boundaries in teaching English, all teachers create and develop the syllabus based on the student's needs. Besides, it discovers that teachers are likely to have the freedom to design their activities and materials based on the student's needs even though they should follow the basic element of the syllabus provided by the authorities. Finally, the teachers still need guidance and training in syllabus design since they have a fewer understanding of syllabus design.
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