There was a good concordance between the results of TINIA and HPLC methods (y = 1.091x - 0.363; r(2) = 0.96).

Alzheimer's disease imposes a severe burden upon patients and their caregivers. We examined the relationship between the sociodemographic factors, burden of care and burnout level of 120 of 203 professional caregiving staff dealing with Alzheimer's disease patients in eight geriatric care centers in Istanbul/Turkey. The Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale was used to measure the level of burden of care, and the Maslach burnout inventory to measure the level of burnout. High levels of emotional exhaustion were present in 25% of our sample, and depersonalization was found in 30% reduced personal accomplishment was present in 26% of the caregivers.

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ÖzBu çalışma, Özel Eğitim ve Rehabilitasyon Merkezi'nde 15-26 Ocak 2019 tarihlerinde Hamilton Depresyon ölçeği ile depresyon düzeyi ölçülen bireylere Renk Terapi'nin etkisi değerlendirilmek amacıyla yarı deneysel bir çalışma olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın örnekleri seçkisiz olarak atanan çocukları Özel Eğitim ve Rehabilitasyon Merkezi'ne devam eden 70 anneden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmaya katılımcılar Renk Terapi uygulanan deney ve Renk Terapi uygulanmayan kontrol grubu olarak düzenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bağımsız değişkeni Renk Terapi ve bağımlı değişkeni katılımcıların depresyon düzeyleridir. Katılımcılara uygulanan Renk Terapi'nin öntest ve sontest sonuçları bilgisayar ortamında değerlendirilerek analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcıların bağımlı değişken verileri Hamilton Depresyon Testi ile ölçülmüştür. Araştırmada deney ve kontrol grubunun öntest ve sontest sonuçları arasındaki fark Bağımsız Örneklem t-testi ve ilişkili örneklem t-testi ile ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, Renk Terapinin katılımcıların depresyon düzeyleri üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olduğu söylenebilir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Sanat Terapi, Renk Terapi, Depresyon. AbsractThis reearch was carried out as a quasi-experimental study in order to evaluate the effect of Color Therapy on individuals who were measured depression level with Hamilton Depression Scale on 15-26 January 2019 at the Special Education and Rehabilitation Center. The samples of the study consisted of 35 mothers attending the Special Education and Rehabilitation Center. The participants of the study were assigned as the control group which did not apply Color Therapy and Color Therapy. The independent variable Color Therapy and dependent variable were the depression levels of the participants. The pre-test and post-test results of Color Therapy applied to the participants were evaluated and analyzed in computer environment. Dependent variable data were measured by Hamilton Depression Test. The difference between the pretest and posttest results of the experimental and control groups was measured by the Independent Sample t-test and the related sample t-test. According to the results, it can be said that Color Therapy has a significant effect on the depression levels of the participants.

The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant properties of udenafil citrate (1.4 mg kg(-1) -2.8 mg kg(-1) ), dexmedetomidine 25 μg kg(-1) and piracetam 200 mg kg(-1) administered on ipsilateral/contralateral testes after ischaemia in a rat model of testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D) and define its protective effect histologically. Fifty-six Wistar albino rats were included and randomly assigned into 6 groups. No intervention was performed in control group (Group 1, n = 8) and in torsion/detorsion group, (Group 2, n = 8). Udenafil 1.4 mg kg(-1) was given to torsion/detorsion group (Group 3, n = 10), udenafil 2.8 mg kg(-1) was given to torsion/detorsion group (Group 4, n = 10), piracetam 200 mg kg(-1) was given to torsion/detorsion group (Group 5, n = 10) and dexmedetomidine 25 μg kg(-1) was given to torsion/detorsion group (Group 6, n = 10) intraperitoneally after 60 mins of testicular torsion. Biochemical and histopathological testicular injury were evaluated. When the tissue was examined by TOS values, Group 3, Group 4 and Group 5 were significantly lower than Group 2. In contrary Group 6 values were significantly higher than Group 2. The increasing doses of udenafil demonstrated antioxidant properties on the testis tissue and histopathological that protects the testicles.

Problem-oriented learning is an effective method of learning that increases students' learning motivation, improves the relationship amongst students and results in open-minded discussions. In this study, a new problem-oriented pharmacobiochemistry course related to 'oxidative metabolism of drugs by cytochrome P450 (CYP450) systems' was designed. Students were divided into seven groups. Three keywords related to drug interaction through CYP450 were provided to each group in order for them to conduct research on the information given. After 1 month, the groups attended a session under the supervision of a tutor to solve a simulated problem case that was designed using the keywords. At the end of the integrated course, a multiple-choice examination was given. The success rate of 76 students who attended the course was found to be significantly higher than the success rate of the students who received the lecture-based course only (P < 0.0001). A questionnaire containing 20 items (Cronbach's alpha: 0.92) was administered to the students to learn about their perception regarding this educational model. The questionnaire was evaluated using the Likert scale. Student feedback was very positive, with fourteen answers rated as 'agree' and the remaining six rated as 'strongly agree'. Students thought that the problem-oriented model was very enjoyable and useful in regard to dental education. Based on these results, we conclude that this course model may help achieve an integrated curriculum for dental school programmes.

No abstract

A 38-year-old male patient was admitted to our outpatient department because of frequency and urgency incontinence. During evaluation it was detected that the patient was suffering from frequency which was progressive for one year, feeling of incontinence, and urgency incontinence. There was no urologic pathology detected in patient's medical and family history. Neurologic consultation was requested due to his history of boredom, reluctance to do business, balance disorders, and recession for about 3 years. Brain computerized tomography (CT) scan revealed that amorphous calcifications were detected in the bilaterally centrum semiovale, basal ganglia, capsula interna, thalami, mesencephalon, pons and bulbus, and the bilateral cerebellar hemispheres. We have detected spontaneous neurogenic detrusor overactivity without sphincter dyssynergia after evaluating the voiding diary, cystometry, and pressure flow study. We consider the detrusor overactivity which occurred one year after the start of the neurological symptoms as the suprapontine inhibition and damage in the axonal pathways in the Fahr syndrome.