Background Knee braces and foot orthoses are commonly used to improve knee adduction moment, pain and function in subjects with knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, no literature review has been performed to compare the effects of foot orthoses and knee braces in this group of patients. Purpose The aim of this review was to evaluate the effects of foot orthoses and knee braces on knee adduction moment, pain and function in individuals with knee OA. Study design Literature review. Method The search strategy was based on the Population Intervention Comparison Outcome method. A search was performed in PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and ISI web of knowledge databases using the PRISMA method and based on selected keywords. Thirty-one related articles were selected for final evaluation. Results The results of the analysis of these studies demonstrated that orthotic devices reduce knee adduction moment and also improve pain and function in individuals with knee OA. Conclusion Foot orthoses may be more effective in improving pain and function in subjects with knee OA. Both knee braces and foot orthoses reduce the knee adduction moment in knee OA and consequently patients typically do not need to use knee braces for a long period of time. Also, foot orthoses and knee braces may be more effective for medial compartment knee OA patients due to the fact that this treatment helps improve pain and function. Implications for Rehabilitation Knee braces and foot orthoses are commonly used for improving knee adduction moment, pain and function in subjects with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Orthotic devices can reduce knee adduction moment, pain and improve function in knee OA. The combined use of a knee braces and foot orthoses can provide more improvement in knee adduction moment, reduced pain and increased function.
Background:Obesity and hypertension are the most important non-communicable diseases thatin many studies, the prevalence and their risk factors have been performedin each geographic region univariately.Study of factors affecting both obesity and hypertension may have an important role which to be adrressed in this study. Materials &Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1000 men aged 20-70 living in Bushehr province. Blood pressure was measured three times and the average of them was considered as one of the response variables. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 (and-or) diastolic blood pressure ≥90 and obesity was defined as body mass index ≥25. Data was analyzed by using multilevel, multivariate logistic regression model by MlwiNsoftware. Results:Intra class correlations in cluster level obtained 33% for high blood pressure and 37% for obesity, so two level model was fitted to data. The prevalence of obesity and hypertension obtained 43.6% (0.95%CI; 40.6-46.5), 29.4% (0.95%CI; 26.6-32.1) respectively. Age, gender, smoking, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity were the factors affecting blood pressure (p≤0.05). Age, gender, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity and place of residence are effective on obesity (p≤0.05). Conclusion:The multilevel models with considering levels distribution provide more precise estimates. As regards obesity and hypertension are the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, by knowing the high-risk groups we can d careful planning to prevention of non-communicable diseases and promotion of society health.Key words: Hypertension, obesity, multilevel, multivariate, risk factors ©Iran South Med J. All rights reserved Cite this article as: Gholizadeh S, Moghimbeigi A, Poorolajal J, Khjeian MA, Bahramian F. Study of risk factors affecting both hypertension and obesity outcome by using multivariate multilevel logistic regression models.
People with knee OA are more likely to fall, which is a major public health concern because it can lead to serious injuries and trips to the hospital. Despite the greater balance disorders, and fall prevalence among patients with knee OA, the field of study in this population has received less attention. This study aims to review articles using different interventions for balance improvement and fall prevention in individuals with knee OA. An extensive literature search was performed in the databases of Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, and ISI Web of Knowledge using OR, AND, and NOT operators and the selected keywords. Only studies written in English and published in journals from 2010 to May 2022 were used for this purpose. The studies that have examined the effect of various therapies on balance improvement and fall prevention in the individuals with knee OA were the ones that were selected for this study. Studies that examined balance and falls in the osteoarthritis of other joints, as well as those involving other disabilities that affect balance and stability were excluded from the study. Finally, 34 articles were selected from the final evaluation. Most of the studies showed that exercise and dance could be effective to improve balance and reducing falls in patients with knee OA. It can be concluded that these interventions can help individuals with knee OA enhance their balance and reduce their risk of falling. Therefore, they might be viewed as promoting this population's health. Although games and neuroscientific interventions can be effective, more studies are needed in this field. Moreover, there are contradictory results regarding the effect of orthotics.
The elderly population of the world is growing fast. The aging phenomenon causes changes in the body’s systems, leading to mental and emotional disorders. Dementia is established as one of the most important challenges associated with the aging process. In this respect, the Montessori-based cognitive rehabilitation program is an increasingly popular choice in dementia care. Therefore, we decided to conduct a review study on the effect of Montessori therapy on different psychological aspects of the elderly with dementia. This narrative review was performed using narrative synthesis. An extensive literature search was performed in databases of ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, and ISI Web of Knowledge using OR, AND, and NOT operators and the selected keywords. Only studies published in journals between March 2010 and March 2022 were used for this purpose. The articles chosen in this study were those that have studied the effect of a Montessori-based cognitive rehabilitation program on the elderly with dementia. Studies that involved the Montessori program on other neurological disorders were excluded. Finally, 32 articles were selected from the final evaluation. It can be concluded that the Montessori program effectively reduces anxiety, destructive behavior, and agitation, increases pleasure, hope, optimism, job satisfaction, social skills, and cognitive function, and improves the quality of life and feeding capacity.
A balance disorder is one of the most common disorders in older people that leads to falls and endangers the health of the elderly. Falls can result in both physical injuries and psychological problems. Many economic burdens are also imposed on individuals, their families, and the community. One way to increase balance, decrease falls, and thereby enhance the health of the elderly is through dance-based therapies. This study aims to review articles using different dance-based interventions such as yoga, Pilates, tai chi and aerobics on balance improvement and fall prevention in elderly individuals. This narrative review was performed using narrative synthesis. An extensive literature search was performed in databases of Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, and ISI Web of Knowledge using OR, AND, and NOT operators and the selected keywords. Only studies written in English and published in journals between 2010 and May 2022 were used for this purpose. The articles chosen in this study were those that have studied the effect of dance-based interventions on balance and fall prevention in the elderly. Studies that involved other disabilities that upset the balance and caused falls and that examined the effect of other interventions on balance and falls in these people were also excluded from the study. Finally, 22 articles were selected from the final evaluation. Yoga, Tai Chi, Aerobics, and Pilates were among the dance-based interventions examined in these trials. The results of this study demonstrated that all dance-based interventions could enhance balance and hence decrease falls in the elderly. Older people may also benefit more from longer training sessions and more intense activity. We can conclude that these interventions can help older adults improve their balance and decrease their risk of falling. Consequently, they might be viewed as promoting this population's health.
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