Edible bird’s nest (EBN) is constructed from saliva of swiftlets birds and consumed largely by Southeast and East Asians for its nutritional value and anti-aging properties. Although the neuroprotection of EBN in animals has been reported, there has not been yet systemically summarized. Thus, this review systemically outlined the evidence of the neuroprotective activity of EBN in modulating the cognitive functions of either healthy or with induced-cognitive dysfunction animals as compared to placebos. The related records from 2010 to 2020 were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect using pre-specified keywords. The relevant records to the effect of EBN on cognition were selected according to the eligibility criteria and these studies underwent appraisal for the risk of bias. EBN improved the cognitive functions of induced-cognitive dysfunction and enhanced the cognitive performance of healthy animals as well as attenuated the neuroinflammations and neuro-oxidative stress in the hippocampus of these animals. Malaysian EBN could improve the cognitive functions of experimental animals as a treatment in induced cognitive dysfunction, a nutritional cognitive-enhancing agent in offspring and a prophylactic conservative effect on cognition against exposure to subsequent noxious cerebral accidents in a dose-depended manner through attenuating neuroinflammation and neuro-oxidative stress. This systemic review did not proceed meta-analysis.

Abstract:The aim of this study was to deliver information about the features of fuel cells. It cover analysis of theory and experiment done using a set of tool called Hydro Genius Teach. The experiment is about investigating the characteristic curve of a fuel cell from the processes of renewable energy. Others objectives of this study were to analyze current usage of renewable energy in the world and to do analysis on features of fuel cell as one of ways in renewable energy.

A current-steering Digital to Analog Converter (IDAC) to compensate dc-offset of a baseband chain in a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) receiver is presented in this paper. The differential dc-offset can be injected with the current steer controlled by 9 digital control bits. The simulated LSB is 1.4 mV and the differential voltage range is 283 mV when it is connected to the baseband chain. This IDAC is implemented in a 130 nm CMOS technology and occupies 0.05 mm 2 of silicon area. From the postlayout simulation of the IDAC, the voltage range satisfies the specification obtained from the Monte Carlo simulations of the baseband chain. The 1 Least Significant Bit (1LSB) of the IDAC ensure the dc-offset at the input of the following ADC met the system requirement.

<span>This paper reviews of high efficiency CMOS power amplifiers (PAs) in millimeter (mm) wave Ka - Band applications. The study is focused on the challenges in designing PA especially in GHz frequencies inclusive of high gain, good input and output matching, efficiency, linearity, low group delay and low power consumption. Several works on CMOS PA from year 2009 to 2018 are discussed in this paper. Recent developments of CMOS PAs are examined and a comparison of the performance criteria of various techniques is presented.</span>

A 28 GHz power amplifier (PA) using CMOS 0.18 µm Silterra process technology is reported. The cascade configuration has been adopted to obtain high Power Added Efficiency (PAE). To achieve low power consumption, the input stage adopts reverse body bias technique. The simulation results show that the proposed PA consumes 32.03mW and power gain (S21) of 9.51 dB is achieved at 28 GHz. The PA achieves saturated power (Psat) of 11.10 dBm and maximum PAE of 16.55% with output 1-dB compression point (OP1dB) 8.44 dBm. These results demonstrate the proposed power amplifier architecture is suitable for 5G applications.