This study aims to identify the local wisdom in the management system of shifting cultivation in Dayak Ngaju, Central Kalimantan. The study was conducted at Mantangai Tengah Village and Mantangai Hilir Village, Mantangai District, Kapuas Regency, Central Kalimantan. Purposive sampling was used as the method to determine the location and sample of the research (70 people). The primary data used were farmers or cultivators and key informants while the secondary data were obtained from BPS and related agencies. The analysis of the data was done by using a descriptive qualitative technique. The results show that the management system of shifting cultivation conducted by local people cannot be separated from the local wisdom in the community. This is indicated by some activities which explain that phenomena such as forest clearing, land burning, land management, technology utilization, and ceremony accompanying the activities of shifting cultivation. Communities live in a harmonious relationship with forests and land, manage land in a limited area (1-2 ha) without the risk of land fires, live in communal and mutual cooperation (gotong-royong), and have local knowledge that has a positive value.JEL Classification: D19, O33, O35

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Abstract. Rozaki Z, Nopembereni ED, Rahayu L, Rahmawati N, Murhidayah ML, Rejeki TM, Ariffin AS, Azizah SN, Tjale MM. 2022. Farmers' lives and adaptation strategies toward the forest and peatland fires in Indonesia: Evidence from Central and South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2379-2388. The frequency of forest and peatland fires in Kalimantan is high yearly, impacting many farmers’ agricultural activities and the environment, especially in the dry season. Farmers conduct agricultural activities in this vulnerable area. This study aimed to analyze farmers’ livelihood and adaptation strategies in Central and South Kalimantan, an area prone to forest and peatland fires. The sample comprised 200 farmers as respondents while the data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and rank spearman analysis. The results showed that the willingness to adapt, community resilience, and government support play important roles in dealing with forest and peatland fires. Therefore, inter-stakeholder coordination should be conducted appropriately for effective risk management to benefit farmers and all impacted parties.

This study aims to determine the factors that influence the production of field rice farming in Kalamus Village, Paku District, East Barito Regency. The research location is in Kalamus Village, Paku District, East Barito Regency. Location determination using a purposive sampling method. The sampling technique in this study uses the Saturated Sampling Technique, where the number of samples is equal to the total population, namely 35 farmers. Data analysis using multiple linear regression. The results showed that field rice farming activities were still carried out subsistence to support food security for farmers and their families. Based on the results of multiple linear regression analysis, partially, the factors that significantly influence the production of upland rice are planting area, seeds, and labor. In contrast, the pesticide factor has no significant effect on production. Swid management has been carried out permanently or no longer moving, and pesticides have been used in clearing land and handling pests and diseases of Paddy Field plants. So it can be concluded that although the results of the Multiple Regression Test show that pesticides do not have a significant effect on the production of upland rice, this may occur because, in general, the cultivators did not carry out maintenance on their land, only relying on the generosity of nature. Still, now with permanent land conditions, without burning, farmers must be able to manage their land with technology, especially clearing land and weeds, as well as pests and diseases using pesticides.

Community-based Settlement Management Program (PLPBK) is a Central