Local governance arrangements often reflect culturally charged struggles for power as well as culturally motivated efforts to gain access to power. Yet current discussions around community-driven and decentralized development pay little attention to this nexus, at best reducing power to questions of material difference but overlooking the ways in which governance arrangements are contested. On the basis of research across three sites in Indonesia, this paper explores ways in which tensions between different cultural forms at a village level affect local governance arrangements. The conclusions explore implications for so-called community-driven approaches to development.
The SCBD area is a high class complex of office spaces and other uses, who has female workers with several levels and categories. The proportion of female to male workers in SCBD is reltively equal, around 47% and 53%. In supporting activities in the area, there has sharing public facilities and infrastructure. The facilities and infrastructure include pedestrians, public toilets, public open area, bus stop, zebra cross, and guardhouse. Women in general and female workers in particular have unique characteristics which made them feelings, they will be sensitive to certain things that can disturb their feelings of security and comfort. Those characteristics also make them vurnerable to crime, including sexual harassment. This especially true for female workers who come home late at night. Security systems, including the lighting system of the area, are among the most important conditions for female workers. Therefore, in the design of public space at SCBD the need for secure and comfortable spaces for all categories and levels of female workers was also considered. The purpose of this study is to review the appropriate security system in the area, opinion of female workers toward the system, and to formulate future improvement directions.This research is a qualitative research with case study method. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, part of the data collection process was conducted online. Finding of the study reveal that there are several things that are not fulfilled by the SCBD management with respect to the needs for secure and comfortable public spaces for female workers. In the future, it is expected that SCBD management will be more sensitive to the specific collective needs and aspiration of female.Keywords: Public Spaces, Gender, SCBD Jakarta, Women WorkersAbstrakKawasan SCBD merupakan kawasan perkantoran kelas atas dan mixed-use di Jakarta. Di dalamnya juga bekerja kaum perempuan dengan berbagai kategori dan tingkatan. Proporsi pekerja perempuan terhadap pekerja laki-laki di kawasan SCBD relatif sama, yakni 47% berbanding 53%. Dalam menunjang kegiatan di dalam kawasan, terdapat sarana dan prasarana publik yang digunakan bersama. Sarana dan prasarana tersebut berupa pedestrian, toilet umum, ruang terbuka publik, halte transportasi publik, zebra cross, dan pos jaga. Perempuan secara umum, dan pekerja perempuan khusus, memiliki karakteristik khas, yang menjadikan mereka peka terhadap hal-hal tertentu yang dapat mengganggu rasa aman dan nyaman mereka. Sementara, karena karakteristiknya tersebut, mereka juga rentan menjadi korban tindak kejahatan dan pelecehan seksual. Para pekerja perempuan yang karena tuntutan pekerjaannya mengharuskan mereka pulang larut malam paling rentan terhadap tindakan kejahatan tersebut. Sistem keamanan, termasuk pencahayaan kawasan yang memadai, penting untuk menjaga para pekerja perempuan. Karena itu, desain ruang publik di kawasan SCBD juga memperhatikan kebutuhan akan keamanan dan kenyamanan bagi berbagai tingkatan pekerja perempuan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk me-review sistem keamanan yang berjalan saat ini di kawasan SCBD, pandangan pekerja perempuan terhadap sistem keamanan tersebut, dan merumuskan arah perbaikan ke depan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Karena penelitian dikerjakan pada masa pandemi COVID-19, sebagian proses pengumpulan data dilakukan secara online. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa masih ada beberapa hal yang belum dipenuhi pihak pengelola SCBD berkatian dengan kebutuhan rasa aman dan nyaman pada ruang publik. Ke depan, pengelola kawasan SCBD diharapkan dapat lebih peka terhadap kebutuhan khas dan aspirasi para pekerja perempuan secara kolektif.
Kebayoran new city was the first satellite city planned on the outskirts of post-world war II Jakarta. By applying the garden city concept, Kebayoran new city was planned to have green belt elements in the west and east to limit its growth. Along with the rapid development of the main axis of the City of Jakarta (Jl. Thamrin - Jl. Sudirman) after the transfer of sovereignty (1949) and the expansion of the administrative boundaries of the City of Jakarta, the newcity of Kebayoran has undergone a transformation and changes / adjustments to plans. One of the consequences, Kebayoran new city is no longer a satellite city as originally planned. The idea of a green belt in the eastern part also did not materialize as it should. This study aims to identify the enforcing and enabling factors for not realizing the idea of the eastern green belt of Kebayoran new city. The method used is a qualitative method with a case study approach. The research findings indicate that the enforcing factor for this failure is mainly government (central and regional) development policies after the transfer of sovereignty. Enabling factors are the fact that some parts of the area have not been acquired, and local government policies that allow or develop parts of the area for other functions. By knowing the enforcing and enabling factors above, this research is expected to be a lesson for planners and policy makers for the development of new cities in the future. Keywords: government policies; green belt; Kebayoran Baru; urban transformation ABSTRAKKota baru Kebayoran merupakan kota satelit pertama yang direncanakan di pinggiran Jakarta pasca kemerdekaan. Dengan menerapkan konsep garden city, kota baru Kebayoran direncanakan memiliki elemen sabuk hijau di bagian Barat dan Timur untuk membatasi pertumbuhannya. Seiring dengan perkembangan pesat poros utama Kota Jakarta (Jl. Thamrin – Jl. Sudirman) pasca penyerahan kedaulatan (1949) dan meluasnya batas administratif Kota Jakarta, kota baru Kebayoran mengalami transformasi dan perubahan/penyesuaian rencana. Salah satu akibatnya, kota baru Kebayoran tidak lagi menjadi kota satelit seperti rencana awal. Gagasan sabuk hijau pada bagian Timur juga tidak terwujud sebagaimana mestinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi faktor pendorong dan faktor pemungkin tidak terwujudnya gagasan sabuk hijau Timur kota baru Kebayoran. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor pendorong kegagalan tersebut terutama adalah kebijakan pembangunan pemerintah (Pusat dan Daerah) pasca penyerahan kedaulatan tersebut. Faktor pemungkin adalah kenyataan bahwa beberapa bagian kawasan belum diakuisisi, dan kebijakan pemerintah daerah yang mengijinkan atau mengembangkan bagian kawasan untuk fungsi lain. Dengan mengetahui faktor pendorong dan faktor pemungkin di atas, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi pembelajaran bagi perencana dan pembuat kebijakan pembangunan kota baru di masa mendatang.
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