Vernal keratoconjunctivitis is a severe ocular condition that mainly affects young males. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis is characterized by different clinical features and therapeutic responses, suggesting the need for a standardized therapeutic approach on the basis of a grading of disease severity.

Abstract-Spectrum scarcity together with high capacity demands make the use of millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies an interesting alternative for next generation, i.e., fifth generation (5G), networks. Although mmWave is expected to play a key role for both access network and backhaul (BH), its initial use in the BH network seems more straight-forward. This stems from the fact that, in the BH case, its deployment is less challenging due to the fixed locations of BH transceivers. Still, provided that mmWave spectrum consists of several subbands, each one with different characteristics and thus different deployment constraints (e.g., channel bandwidth, maximum transmission power), a comparison is required in order to gain a better insight into the potentials of each solution. To that end, in this paper, the main mmWave candidate frequency bands are compared in terms of range, throughput and energy consumption. In our results, the bandwidth availability, the maximum transmission power as well as the antenna gains of each BH technology are taken into account, as defined by the Federal Communications Commission. The results are also compared with current industry-oriented state-of-the-art transceiver characteristics in order to gain further insights into the maximum achievable gains of each subband.

Next generation, i.e., fifth generation (5G), cellular networks will provide a significant higher capacity per area to support the ever-increasing tra c demands. In order to achieve that, many small cells need to be deployed that are connected using a combination of optical fiber links and millimeter-wave (mmWave) backhaul architecture to forward heterogeneous tra c over mesh topologies. In this paper, we present a general optimization framework for the design of policies that optimally solve the problem of where to associate a user, over which links to route its tra c towards which mesh gateway, and which base stations and backhaul links to switch o↵ in order to minimize the energy cost for the network operator and still satisfy the user demands. We develop an optimal policy based on mixed integer linear programming (MILP) which considers di↵erent user distribution and tra c demands over multiple time periods. We develop also a fast iterative two-phase solution heuristic, which associates users and calculates backhaul routes to maximize energy savings. Our strategies optimize the backhaul network configuration at each timeslot based on the current demands and user locations. We discuss the application of our policies to backhaul management of mmWave cellular networks in light of current

Abstract-Nowadays, several systems are available for outdoor localization, such as GPS, assisted GPS and other systems working on cellular networks. However, there is no proper location system for indoor scenarios. Research into designing location systems for 802.11 networks is being carried out, so locating mobile devices on global networks (GSM/cellular + GPS + WLAN) finally seems feasible. The technique presented in this paper uses existing wireless LAN infrastructure with minor changes to provide an accurate estimation of the location of mobile devices in indoor environments. This technique is based on round-trip time (RTT) measurements, which are used to estimate distances between the device to be located and WLAN access points. Each RTT measurement estimates the time elapsed between the RTS (Request-to-Send) and the CTS (Clear-to-Send) frame of the 802.11 standard. By applying trilateration algorithms, an accurate estimation of the mobile position is calculated.