No abstract

Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are still an issue that is interesting to study because it is recognized that small businesses have a major role in employment and contribution to the gross domestic product. Previous research shows that the growth of SMEs is determined by the owner/manager characteristics (personal approach), and how the strategy is taken (managerial approach). This study empirically tested the three determinants of growth of small businesses, namely 1) the individual factors 2) organizational factors, and 3) environment factors. The study was conducted in SMEs assisted in the district of Malang, using a sample of 52 owners/managers of SMEs, which are taken by purposive sampling, analysis techniques using Path Analysis. The results showed that individual factors directly affects the growth of the business, as well as an indirect effect through organizational factors. So the individual factors are a determinant of the growth of SMEs, due to individual factors which reflected the business experience and the motivation of the owners/managers will be able to manage the organization becomes more effective so as to compete, and the effects are on the achievement of business growth. Environmental factors provide the greatest impact in achieving the growth of SMEs, it means the ability of owner/managers to produce competitive products, leverage technology, and diversity of products will determine the growth of SMEs.

The important usage of social media as highly interactive platforms of communications is bound to change the way companies approach marketing. Many previous studies conclude that social media has proven to be a key factor in creating brand awareness. Thus, a higher level of awareness will affect consumers' decisions positively. However, few studies focus on the role of brand awareness as a mediation construct in affecting purchase decisions. Therefore, this study aims to explore the mediation role of brand awareness on the relationship between social media marketing and purchase decisions. The study conducted is quantitative research based on a survey approach. Purposive sampling and ordinary least square regression were used as sampling techniques and data analysis. The study revealed that social media marketing has a positive and significant influence on both brand awareness and purchase decisions. Unfortunately, this study failed to prove the direct and indirect effect of brand awareness on purchase decisions. The nature of wetsuit (sportswear) that can be categorized as a high involvement product was considered as the main reason for the insignificancy effect of brand awareness on purchase decision and the mediation role of brand awareness. In the case of high involvement products, consumers tend to be rational so that they were required more time and effort to evaluate specific product performances and characteristics.

Practices of traditional marketing cannot be fully applied to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). SMEs owners have a responsibility to replace the practice with innovative behaviour such as entrepreneurial marketing (EM). This study examines the role of EM in business performance and the role of entrepreneurial personality traits as antecedents of EM. Research Design & Methods: A quantitative research approach was adopted with a questionnaire to collect data from 187 SMEs owner/managers in Indonesia. SEM-PLS analysis was used for hypothesis testing. Findings:The results indicate that EM has a positive effect on business performance. SMEs owners/managers with the characteristics of extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness can encourage the implementation of EM, which impacts business performance. Extraversion, conscientiousness, and openness to experience have a positive effect on business performance. EM is an important factor in maximising business performance, and entrepreneurial personality traits are needed to support the development of EM. Implications & Recommendations: This study contributes to research specifically on the role of EM in improving business performance. In addition, it revealed the importance of the entrepreneurial personality traits of owner/managers in developing EM in SMEs. Contribution & Value Added: This study offers an empirically based explanation of entrepreneurial personality traits effects on EM and business performance. It also identifies new opportunities for future research in the field of EM.

This study aims to analyze the role of the leadership on teacher performance, and the role of teacher motivation as a mediator of the role of the leadership on teacher performance. The population of all Islamic Junior High School (SMP) teachers in Probolinggo Regency, amounting to 110, used a proportional random sampling technique, the sample used was 52 teachers. Using a questionnaire for data collection with a 5 point Likert scale, while the data analysis technique used Path Analysis. The leadership of the principal has implemented a clear and realistic strategy, cares for members, has the ability to motivate, maintains team cohesiveness, respects members' differences and beliefs. Teachers have good work motivation, reflected in the fulfillment of physiological needs, security, social, appreciation, and self-actualization needs. Teachers also have good performance, shown from the fulfillment of performance targets, quality of work, punctuality, and compliance with the principles. The research findings indicate that the stronger the principal's leadership will improve teacher performance, the principal's leadership is also able to increase teacher work motivation, and work motivation will contribute to teacher performance.