V, cross-sectional descriptive study.

Nutrition, which is an important factor that improves physical performance, has a major place in the lives of both disabled and nondisabled athletes. The main purpose of nutritional assessment of disabled athletes is to assess the individual's consumption to determine the insufficiencies and to suggest the necessary changes to design the most appropriate nutrition plan. Nutrition strategies play a key role in confirming the performance of disabled athletes. Considering the nature of the disability and the specific sports branch, it is important to determine the necessary nutrition solutions to ensure the best protection for the athletes concerned. The literature on the specific nutritional needs for the best sports performance of disabled athletes is insufficient and should be considered in light of current information on specific disability physiology.

Background and aim There is still no approved pharmacotherapy for metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Although dietary and lifestyle modifications for weight loss remain the mainstay for disease management, the association between macro- and micronutrients and fibrosis stage in patients with MAFLD remains unclear. This study was undertaken to address this issue. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from patients in whom MAFLD was diagnosed with vibration controlled transient elastography. Steatosis was defined by a controlled attenuation parameter ≥238 dB/m, whereas a liver stiffness measurement ≥11 kPa was considered to indicate advanced fibrosis. Results The study sample consisted of 106 patients with MAFLD (mean age 49 ± 10 years, 52 men and 54 women). Among the different micro- and macronutrients tested, only the dietary intake of cholesterol and saturated fatty acid (SFA) was independently associated with the presence of advanced fibrosis. Conclusion Our findings suggest that cholesterol/SFA-restricted dietary regimens – as exemplified by the traditional Mediterranean diet – may reduce the risk of advanced fibrosis in patients with MAFLD.

Background and Aim: Resting metabolic (RMR) rate was shown to be associated with chronic inflammatory conditions. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether RMR differs significantly in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) from patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) without evidence of inflammation. Material and Methods: Forty-two biopsy-proven NASH were compared with 37 NAFLD patients, who had normal serum transaminases and no evidence of fibrosis based on transient elastography examination. In the interviews, patients' levels of physical activity and dietary habits were recorded, and bioimpedance analysis was performed. The RMRs were calculated using an indirect calorimeter. Results: RMR did not significantly differ between patients with NASH and NAFLD without steatohepatitis in both genders (p=0.695 in males, p=0.256 in females). However, only in female patients RMR rate per body weight was significantly higher in patients with NASH (22.3 [17.2-26.6] cal/kg to 20.2 [12.2-26.1] cal/kg, p=0.020). Conclusion: In conclusion, RMR was not significantly associated with steatohepatitis in patients with NAFLD. Considering the minimizing the effects of body weight, RMR rate per body weight may be used over RMR in the evaluation of the inflammatory status of the NAFLD.

Öz Kanser hastalarında geleneksel tedavi yöntemleriyle sağ kalım oranının artmasına rağmen, çok sayıda kanser hastası bu tedavilerin dışında başka arayışlara yönelmektedir. Hastaları geleneksel tedavi yöntemleri dışında arayışlara iten en önemli faktörlerin başında çaresizlik, umutsuzluk, farklı beklentiler, sosyal baskılar gelmektedir. Bu nedenle, kanser hastalarında tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tıp (TAT) kullanım oranları giderek artmıştır. Bu çalışma kanser hastalarının güncel tedavileri sonrasında gerçekleşen şikayetlerinden dolayı TAT kullanım sıklıklarını, bilgi düzeylerini ve diyet yaklaşımlarını tespit etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma özel bir hastanenin onkoloji servisinde, etik kurul izni alındıktan sonra başlamıştır. Çalışmaya hekim tarafından kanser tanısı almış, kemoterapi tedavisi alan 111 yetişkin birey dahil edilmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında sosyo-demografik anket formu ve besin tüketim sıklığı formları kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılarda en sık görülen kanser türleri sırasıyla meme (%29,7) ve gastrointestinal kanserler (%25,2) olarak belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların TAT kullanım durumlarına bakıldığında hastaların %52,3'ü TAT ile alakalı yeteri kadar bilgiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hastaların %46,8'i ise TAT yöntemlerine inanmaktadır. Çalışmamızda katılımcıların kullandıkları TAT yöntemlerine bakıldığında en sık kullanılan yöntemlerin sırasıyla bitkiler (%41,4), bitkisel ilaçlar (%29,7) ile dinsel ve spirituel yöntemler (dua: %32,5, şifalı su: %27,9, türbe ziyareti: %21,6) olduğu saptanmıştır. Katılımcıların kullandıkları bitkisel yöntem, besinler ve diyet yaklaşımları sorgulandığında hastaların en sık kullandıkları besinler ve bitkisel yöntemlerin sırasıyla sarımsak (%89,2), zerdeçal (%64,9), brokoli (%59,5), çörekotu (%45,0) ve yeşil çay (%43,2) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Uyguladıkları diyet yaklaşımlarına bakıldığında katılımcıların çoğunluğunun yüksek proteinli diyet (%53,2) ve Akdeniz diyeti (%36) uyguladığı saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak kanserli hastalarda TAT kullanım sıklığı ve diyet yaklaşımlarının saptanması ile ilişkili çalışmalar oldukça sınırlıdır. Farklı örneklem gruplarını içine alan geniş kapsamlı çalışmalarla konunun aydınlatılması gerekmektedir.

Background/Aims: Mediterranean diet, owing to its inflammation-modulatory effects, is considered a beneficial dietary regimen for patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Despite promising results in the literature, studies on this subject are still limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate adherence to the Mediterranean diet in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and examine its impact on disease activity and quality of life. Materials and Methods: A total of 83 patients were included in the study. Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale was used to evaluate adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Crohn’s Disease Activity Index was used to evaluate disease activity in Crohn’s disease. Disease activity was determined by using the Mayo Clinic score for ulcerative colitis. Quality of Life Scale Short Form-36 was used to evaluate the quality of life of patients. Results: When the median Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale score was 7 (1-12), only 18 patients (21.7%) showed strong adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Disease activity scores of patients with ulcerative colitis having low adherence to the Mediterranean diet were found to be higher ( P < .05). In addition, some quality of life parameters were relatively higher in patients with ulcerative colitis who showed strong adherence to the Mediterranean diet ( P < .05). For Crohn’s disease, no significant difference was found in disease activity and quality of life with respect to adherence to the Mediterranean diet ( P > .05). Conclusion: Stronger adherence to the Mediterranean diet in patients with ulcerative colitis can help improve quality of life and modulate disease activity. However, further prospective studies are needed to investigate the potential use of the Mediterranean diet in inflammatory bowel disease management.

Background: The relationship between diet, inflammation and mental health has been receiving increasing interest. However, limited data are available on the inflammatory role of diet in university students, among whom depression is commonly observed. Aim: The aim of our study is to investigate the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and depression among female students of nutrition and dietetics department, whom we assume to be conscious about health. Methods: DII scores were determined by averaging the 3-day dietary records. Depression status of the students was determined by using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results: Our study was conducted with 122 female university students. The mean total BDI score of the students in the first tertile (more anti-inflammatory effect) was found significantly lower than those of the students in the second and third tertiles ( p = 0.001). In addition, there were no significant difference between the depression scores of the students and their grade level ( p = 0.114) and place of residence ( p = 0.866). We found a positive association between DII and depressive symptoms (Model 1, B = 0.512, %95 CI: 0.236–0.789, p = 0.000). This relationship was also found when adjusting for age, weight, body mass index, smoking status, and presence of chronic disease (Model 2, B = 0.496, %95 CI: 0.217–0.776, p = 0.006; Model 3, B = 0.493, %95 CI: 0.210–0.777, p = 0.024. Conclusion: Supporting that the inflammatory burden of diet is associated with mental health, our findings are of significance for the development of anti-inflammatory nutritional approaches among students who are prone to depression.

Sağlıklı bir yaşamın sürdürülebilirliği için yeterli ve dengeli beslenmeye ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Her toplumun kendine özgü bir beslenme alışkanlığı ve kültürü vardır. Birey yaşadığı yerin coğrafi konumuna, iklimine ve tarımsal durumuna bağlı olarak beslenme kültürünü geliştirmektedir. Türkiye de sağlıklı besinler içerisinde önemli bir yere sahip olan tarhana da yöresel farklılıklara bağlı olarak insan vücudu üzerinde farklı etkiler oluşturmaktadır. Tarhananın üretimi esnasında kullanılan besinler o bölgedeki tarhananın sağlık üstündeki etkisinin temellerini oluşturmaktadır. Kullanılan besine bağlı olarak antioksidanca daha zengin ya da lif içeriği daha yüksek hale gelmektedir. Bu derleme çalışması da Türkiye'nin farklı bölgelerinin ürünleri olan İzmir'in Seferhisar ilçesinde üretilen Sakızlı Tarhana,