Nutrition Considerations for Athletes with Physical Disabilities

İslamoğlu, Ayşe; Kenger, Emre Batuhan

doi:10.1249/jsr.0000000000000613

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…During prolonged exercise, the carbohydrate oxidation in spinal cord injured individuals is higher than when compared to individuals without spinal cord injury (Jung & Yamasaki, 2009). Thus, inadequate carbohydrate intake causes adverse effects such as reduced muscle glycogen store and increased cramps and injuries, causing muscle weakness and reduced athletic performance (Islamoglu & Kenger, 2019). Thus, nutritional periodisation is the strategy that identifies the stage in training that the athlete is at, and describes the particular nutritional requirements considering the duration, intensity, and total volume of training at that stage (Ruettimann et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary assessment of 101 para‐athletes from team and individual sports

Sasaki

Costa

2023

Nutrition Bulletin

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Diet plays a key role in improving sports performance in athletes with disabilities (Broad, 2014). It is important to consider the disability, its impact on functional ability, medication use, and the sport modality when determining nutritional solutions to ensure improved performance and health for the para-athletes involved (Islamoglu & Kenger, 2019). Adherence to dietary guidelines, even those aimed at the general population, can serve as a key component in preventing many health problems in athletes with disabilities, who are vulnerable to stress and fatigue (Rastmanesh et al., 2007). The steps towards developing individualised, periodised nutrition approaches for athletes with an impairment are no different to doing so for the able-bodied population (Broad, 2014).Dietary guidelines specifically developed to optimise the performance of athletes without

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary assessment of 101 para‐athletes from team and individual sports

Sasaki

Costa

2023

Nutrition Bulletin

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“…Able-bodied athletes are advised to limit their total fat intake to less than 30% of their total energy intake [ 12 ], and this guideline is currently being applied to para-athletes in the absence of total fat intake guidelines specific for para-athletes [ 36 ]. The high fat intake of the participants (males: 39.7 (37.4%–41.6%), females: 42.1 (39.0%–45.3%)) in the present study is similar to the reported intakes (44.05% ± 8.0%) of female amputee national-level wheelchair basketball athletes [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Practices and Body Composition of South African National-Level Spinal Cord-Injured Endurance Hand Cyclists

2022

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Nutritional practices and body composition of para-athletes can impact their health and athletic performance. There is a paucity of research on the nutritional practices, including dietary and supplement intake, body composition and bone health of spinal cord-injured (SCI) endurance hand cyclists. This study assessed the body composition and dietary and supplement intake of 12 national-level SCI endurance hand cyclists (age: 44.0 ± 9.3 years). Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed in a sub-sample of participants (n = 4) using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Estimated body fat percentage was healthy (18.4 ± 5.1%) and lumbar spine BMD for the sub-sample was adequate, however hip BMD was low (Z-score and/or T-scores < −2). Carbohydrate intake for male and female participants was below the recommended intake (3.8 (2.9–4.1) and 2.4 (2.0–2.7) g/kg BW, respectively). Overall protein intake was adequate, whilst fat intake was high for both males and females (39.7 (37.7–41.6) and 42.1 (39.0–45.3)% of total energy, respectively). The reported intakes for a few key micronutrients were also below the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) and/or adequate intake (AI) for males (vitamin D, calcium). The prevalence of supplement use before, during, and after training was 40%, 100%, and 60%, respectively. In conclusion, the hand cyclists could benefit from nutritional guidance to match their daily carbohydrate intake with exercise requirements and optimise their fat intake. Optimal vitamin D and calcium intake is also important especially in the light of poor bone health below the lesion level.

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“…Dietary proteins affect muscle protein synthesis in the recovery process, and if not met, this can result in muscle loss and negative nitrogen balance [ 21 ]. Therefore, given the lack of recommendations for athletes with disabilities, the use and need for protein after exercise are similar to those of able athletes [ 22 , 23 ]. In contrast, a previous study suggested that compared to able athletes, athletes with disabilities will have lower protein intake because their muscle activity is lower and their overall energy requirements are reduced [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, frequent deficiencies can be seen in athletes with disabilities, with up to 51% of Canadian and American athletes reporting insufficient levels of vitamin D [ 31 ]. This deficiency may also affect the performance of exercise [ 22 ], especially in athletes with spinal cord injuries, which may increase the risk of osteoporosis because of excessive bone absorption and reduced bone formation. Vitamin E is also present in the cell membrane and plays a special role in preventing skeletal muscle damage as a major antioxidant [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Evaluation of Nutritional Intake and Nutrition Quotient of Korean Athletes with Disabilities in the Tokyo Paralympic Games

Jeoung

Kim

2021

Nutrients

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This study analyzed and evaluated the nutritional intake and nutrition quotient for adults (NQ-A) among 21 disabled national athletes preparing for the Tokyo Paralympic competition. A 24-h recall nutrition survey was conducted on the second day of training and one day of the weekend (holidays) to analyze daily nutritional intake. Dietary information was analyzed using the NQ-A questionnaire, which comprises 21 items. The athletes were divided into three groups based on the NQ-A score (High, Middle, Low). A comparative analysis of dietary intake of disabled athletes with the recommended dietary intake amount (RDA) was performed. The intake of carbohydrates (166.9%), proteins (112.3%), vitamin E (112.0%), thiamine (124.6%), riboflavin (100.2%), vitamin B6 (110.6%), vitamin B12 (120.7%), sodium (216.6%), phosphorus (118.3%), iron (146.5%), iodine (143.2%), and selenium (114.2%) was higher than the Korean-recommended amount. In particular, as the results of comparing dietary intake between the three groups showed, the low NQ-A score group had significantly lower intake compared to the %RDA for vitamin E (67.1%), C (26.3%), and Potassium (42.8%). However, with most nutrients, nutritional intake deficiency was not shown to be a problem.

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Nutrition Considerations for Athletes with Physical Disabilities

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

Dietary assessment of 101 para‐athletes from team and individual sports

Dietary assessment of 101 para‐athletes from team and individual sports

Nutritional Practices and Body Composition of South African National-Level Spinal Cord-Injured Endurance Hand Cyclists

Analysis and Evaluation of Nutritional Intake and Nutrition Quotient of Korean Athletes with Disabilities in the Tokyo Paralympic Games

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