The indicator of the net productivity of photosynthesis, which is presented in the work, more fully than the leaf area, reflects the real possibilities of agrobiocenosis for the synthesis of organic matter. The performance of photosynthesis of each individual plant, as well as agrocenosis as a whole, is due to many factors, therefore, it is important to develop a set of measures aimed not only at meeting the needs of plants in moisture and mineral nutrition, but also to promote their functioning. It is established that the net productivity of meadow clover grasslands photosynthesis increases with the leaf surface index of 3.5. At the same time, the achievement of higher indicators is gradually decreasing, regardless of the mineral nutrition variety, levels and plant density. It was also revealed in our research that the highest indicator of net productivity of meadow clover photosynthesis of cultivars Agros-12 and Marusia of the second year of vegetation in the first mowing was recorded without weeding. In the same cutting of meadow clover of the second year of vegetation on a variant with inoculation of seeds and added fertilizers in the norm of N60Р60К90 at cultivation of meadow clover sowing the lowest indicator of net productivity of photosynthesis was noted. In the second cutting the indicators of net productivity of photosynthesis were revealed like this: the maximum indicators on the variant without fertilizers and inoculations and the minimum on the variant for cultivation with the introduction of fertilizers in the standard of N60P60K90 and seed treatment with rhizotorphin. It is one of the most important parameters with which the yield level correlates.
The study of the influence of variable production conditions and the work in logistics milk harvesting systems on the value indicators of their functioning has been carried out. A method that enables to solve the task of coordinating the content of work with variable production conditions is proposed. It has been established that there are seven variants of the content of work in logistics milk harvesting systems, each of which has its own specifics. Computer experiments were carried out using the developed simulation model of logistics processes implementation. On the example of the production conditions of the Brody district in the Lviv region, trends in changing the cost performance of logistics operations for various content during the year are established. On the basis of the defined cost indicators, specific costs of funds for the execution of logistic works for each of the variants of their content are determined. It is substantiated that effective performance of work in logistic systems of milk harvest requires operational planning of their content for each of the days of milk harvest season. The conducted studies will be useful for managers who perform operational planning in logistics milk harvesting systems.
Market regulation, dissatisfaction with the real demand for timber and forestry products, subject to the full and efficient use of their own raw materials and, finally, entering the external market are impossible without a radical change in the structure of the economy as a whole and restructuring of production. This should ensure the production of competitive products, their compliance with export requirements, the creation of favorable conditions for investment, as well as for changing forms of ownership, makes us look for adequate approaches to structural transformations and fundamentally new elements of structural policy in relation to the forestry complex. The forestry of Ukraine is now characterized by a crisis situation: the state of forests does not meet economic and environmental requirements, the forest area has decreased more than three times over the last millennium, an anthropogenic reformation of forest landscapes has occurred, a decrease in their natural productivity, and a depletion of biodiversity. Forest stands are depleted by excessive felling, their natural protective functions are lower than potentially possible. Due to the lack of investments, the rates of reforestation and afforestation remain low, and the disparity between the forest resource base, opportunities for forest exploitation and forest consumption has deepened. In this regard, the study of the current state of development of enterprises will provide an opportunity to constantly monitor and determine the prospects for development of forestry. The article analyzes the current state and prospects for the development of forestry. The forest fund is characterized, the priority directions of the forestry enterprise development are given. Analyzed the main financial and economic indicators and indicators of forestry. The main problems of its functioning and the ways of their solution are given. It is emphasized that the current state of forests and forestry indicates an urgent need to develop new foundations of forest management, which would take into account the need for a diverse and targeted use of forests, increase their sustainability, as well as the active introduction of expanded reproduction of forest resources, intensification of forest growth.
The need to study the marketing potential of the enterprise has become an urgent scientific task, since understanding its main components and the level of its development in the dairy enterprise which determine the future directions of development of its marketing activity and allow to increase competitive positions in the dairy market. Systematization of scientific views on the problem under study shows that in most cases the marketing potential reflects the existing level of marketing resources of the dairy industry, without considering the possibility of their increase and transformation in different market conditions of the environment. The concept of marketing potential of dairy processing enterprise as the ability of its marketing system to provide constant competitiveness of milk processing is based on: general quality management and organization of marketing of the enterprise; efficient use of human capital; application of modern marketing tools; rational use of available resources. It is suggested to represent the marketing potential of a dairy processing plant as an integral characteristic of its components providing marketing activities, namely the sum of organizational, human, material and information resources, raw materials, marketing tools and budget-free marketing. Its deeply researched the basic components of the budget-free marketing of a dairy processing enterprise, among which phishing, new marketing tools; finalization of the sales system; exclusion of risks; the use of co-marketing. One of the most important factors in the growth of the competitive position of dairy enterprises under the current economic conditions is the strengthening of its marketing potential, as an important tool for economic development, and in the case of insufficient financing, priority is given to budget-free marketing.
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