This study aims to determine differences (1) curriculum structure; (2) industrial work practices; (3) graduate work readiness; and (4) the absorption of graduates between 3-year Vocational Schools and 4-year Vocational School building engineering expertise programs. The research method used was descriptive research with ex post facto approach and survey. Data collection techniques in this study used documentation, interviews and online questionnaires. The results of this study are as follows: (1) the learning burden on 3-year Vocational High Schools is 5016 JP and 413 KD while the 4-year Vocational School is 6648 JP and 443 KD; (2) apprenticeship implemented at 3 Years Vocational School for 3 months and 4 Year Vocational School for 6-8 months; (3) 3-year SMK graduates 60% of whom are declared ready for work, while 4-year SMK graduates 71.80% of whom are declared more ready to work; and (4) 70% of 3-year vocational school graduates work in a field, while 92% of 4-year SMK graduates work in a field. This can explain that it will be more effective if the Vocational School is held with a 4-year SMK pattern.
The ability to think spatially and mitigation knowledge is very important in everyday life. Problems involving the field of education in Indonesia are less than maximum classroom learning. Geography teachers learn to accept effective models in learning. Research Objectives Obtain appropriate and more effective learning methods that are useful in improving the ability to use spatial thinking and knowledge of disaster mitigation materials. Research Type: quasi-experimental. The research subjects were students of class XI IPS SMA N 2 Ponorogo. Measurement Increased spatial thinking skills and knowledge gained from normalization calculations. The results obtained normalization of the spatial thinking ability of the experimental class 52% and 37% control class. The results of the experimental class knowledge 58% and 43% control class. Independent T-test shows that Probleam-based learning has improved for the better.
Programming refers to a set of processes of writing, testing and correcting the program code aimed at creating a program that can do certain works in accordance with the programmer’s instructions, it requires the mastery of algorithms, logic and programming languages. This study discusses the concept of programming skills to develop problem solving skills, which focuses on secondary school students. Various activities allow students to collaborate and develop problem solutions. Some previous studies suggest that students can obtain knowledge and programming skills through formal and non-formal education even though formal education shows better results of students’ attainments. Given a basic programming skills, students are expected to have a high level of reasoning for their better problem solving skills to solve complex problems using computers through an integrated approach between thinking skills and computational thinking (CT). Computer programming has the effect of reasoning abilities for students, problem solving and self-efficacy. Currently, programming-based computation has been introduced in school curriculum at different levels. Consequently, teachers are required to teach relevant materials relevantly to the current curriculum.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.