Highlights d Mechanical skin injury promotes intestinal mast-cell expansion d Intestinal mast-cell expansion requires skin-derived IL-33 and gut-derived IL-25 d Intestinal mast-cell expansion requires ILC2 activation by IL-33 and IL-25 d ILC2-derived IL-4 and IL-13 directly cause intestinal mast-cell expansion

For successful transition, adolescents and young adults with IBD need improved education about their medical history and medications. Pediatric providers need to improve communication with the receiving physicians. In addition, adult providers may benefit from further training in adolescent issues. Formal transition checklists and programs may improve the transition of patients with IBD from pediatric to adult care.

These data provide first evidence of a significant association between in utero exposure to acid-suppressive drugs and the risk of developing childhood asthma.

The cyclical nature of chronic illness requires that children with inflammatory bowel disease be transitioned to the adult medical system with as much continuity of care as possible. Transition from pediatric to adult medical care continues to present significant barriers. The philosophy of transition centers on a process, with the actual transfer to adult care as a point along this clinical pathway. Concrete steps can be taken to help patients prepare for new responsibilities. The aim of this review is to propose a clinical and developmental timeline for both patients and their medical team, including specific responsibilities for both, so that the partnership can best promote a successful transition.

Older adolescents with IBD have good recall of medications but not of side effects. Parents remain responsible for the majority of tasks related to clinic visits and the acquisition of medications.

The pouch microbial environment appears to be distinctly different in the settings of UC pouchitis, healthy UC, and FAP. These findings suggest that a dysbiosis may exist in pouchitis which may be central to understanding the disease.

Digestive tract involvement in Langerhans cell histiocytosis is exceedingly rare. We report a case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in an otherwise thriving neonate presenting with hematochezia, anemia, and rash. We also review the few cases of Langerhans cell histiocytosis with gastrointestinal involvement reported in the English-language medical literature. Although gastrointestinal involvement can range in severity from mild to life-threatening, its presence may be indicative of multisystemic disease, and aggressive treatment should be considered.

Background Phthalates are widely used chemicals with ubiquitous exposure. Dibutyl-phthalate (DBP), a male reproductive toxicant in animals, is understudied in humans. Some mesalamine medications used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have DBP in their coating, whereas other mesalamine formulations do not. Objectives Taking advantage of differences in mesalamine formulations, we investigated whether high-DBP exposure from mesalamine medications was associated with decreased semen parameters. Methods 73 men with IBD taking mesalamine participated in a crossover-crossback prospective study. Men taking non-DBP containing mesalamine at baseline i.e., background exposure, crossed-over for four months to high-DBP mesalamine and then crossed-back for four months to their non-DBP mesalamine (B1HB2-arm;Background1-High-Background2) and vice versa for men taking high-DBP mesalamine at baseline (H1BH2-arm;High1-Background-High2). Men provided up to six semen samples (2: baseline, 2: crossover and 2: crossback). Results We estimated crossover, crossback and carryover effects using linear mixed models adjusted for abstinence time, age, season and duration on high-DBP mesalamine at baseline. Semen parameters in B1HB2-arm (26 men, 133 samples) decreased after high-DBP mesalamine exposure (crossover versus baseline), especially motility parameters, and continued to decrease further even after crossback to non-DBP mesalamine (crossback versus crossover).The cumulative carryover effect of high-DBP (crossback versus baseline) was a decrease of % total sperm motility by 7.61(CI:-13.1, -2.15), % progressive sperm motility by 4.23(CI:-8.05, -0.4) and motile sperm count by 26.0% (CI:-46.2%, 1.7%). However, H1BH2-arm (47 men, 199 samples) had no significant change during crossover or crossback. Conclusions Men newly exposed to high-DBP mesalamine for four months had a cumulative reduction in several semen parameters, primarily sperm motility, that was more pronounced and statistically significant even after exposure ended for four months.