Four vegetative filters were installed on feedlots in central and northern Illinois. Two configurations were used: channelized Dow and overland Dow. After settling for partial solids removal, runoff was applied directly to the fUters and allowed to Dow from the inlet to the outlet section. Results from measurement analyses and sampling of influent, efOuent, and surface Dow at intermediate points were reported. Most runoff events were infiltrated completely, resulting in no filter discharge. Runoff from larger events was partially discharged. Filters removed as much as 9511Jo of nutrients and oxygen-demanding materials from the applied runoff on a weight basis, and 8011Jo on a concentration basis. Removal was directly related to Dow distance or contact time with the filter. Channelized Dow with greater Dow depths required greater contact time or Dow distance than shallow overland Dow to achieve the same level of treatment.
In Nebraska, early adopters of conservation tillage, especially those using no‐till planting, had some concerns regarding planter performance, early season weed control, and possible yield reductions. Selected tillage and planting systems were used long term to evaluate effects on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] yield, soil properties, and residue cover in a nonirrigated rotation. The six tillage and planting systems selected for evaluation were: no‐till, no‐till with row‐crop cultivation, disk, double disk, chisel, and plow. In 1981, two sets of field plots were established near Lincoln, NE, on a Sharpsburg silty clay loam (fine, montmorillonitic, mesic Typic Argiudolls) so that both crops could be evaluated each year. Measurements were not taken until completion of one crop rotation cycle. After this cycle, for the first 3 yr of yield measurements, no differences occurred in grain yield among the tillage and planting systems. After five additional years, differences in yield were measured, with no‐till tending to have the greatest yield for both crops. Row‐crop cultivation of no‐till soybean did not result in any measurable yield differences, but for grain sorghum, row‐crop cultivation resulted in an average yield decrease of 6 bu/acre. Soil organic matter tended to be greatest for the continuous no‐till system and lowest for the plow system. The plow system had slightly less penetration resistance within the 4‐ to 8‐in. depth than the other treatments, whereas, the double‐disk system was slightly greater within the 2‐ to 6‐in. depth. Draft and power requirements for planting in the selected tillage and planting systems were not different The major difference among the tillage and planting systems was residue cover remaining after planting. No‐till had the most residue cover, but there was no appreciable accumulation of residue over the 10 yr of continuous use of the tillage and planting systems. For the last 5 yr, no‐till tended to have the greatest yield for both crops. Thus, for the soil and conditions evaluated, no‐till yields were as good as the other systems during early years, and were better after 5 yr of continuous use. Thus, producers adopting no‐till and other residue management practices have the opportunity to enhance profitability because of the same or greater yields and reduced production costs by eliminating tillage operations. Research Question Early adopters of conservation tillage, especially those using no‐till planting, had concerns regarding planter performance, weed control, and possible yield reductions. Six tillage and planting systems were used in a long term study to evaluate effects of tillage on soybean and grain sorghum yields, soil properties, and residue cover in a nonirrigated rotation. Literature Summary Tillage and planting systems that leave a protective cover of crop residue on the soil surface have been shown to reduce soil losses, and are among the least costly erosion control practices. Few tillage and planting studies hav...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.