The most common infections in human beings are caused by intestinal parasites. They can lead to a number of harmful effects, which could include, among others, intestinal obstruction, malnutrition, iron deficiency anemia, diarrhea, and poor absorption. In Brazil, enteroparasites are one of the main public health issues. The present study aims at analyzing the distribution and frequency of enteroparasite occurrence in 635 children from seven community schools in the city of Guarapuava, Paraná (PR). In addition, we used similarity and diversity indices to analyze the parasite community. We found 475 samples with at least one parasite showing that 75.27% of children had enteroparasites. A smaller fraction (26.73%) of children harbored several parasites (multiparasitism), especially Giardia duodenalis (56%), and Ascaris lumbricoides (18%). Statistical analysis showed that three (out of seven) children communities had higher similarity in frequency and amount of parasites. Our results suggest that the children studied were highly infected by enteroparasites. These levels of infestation could be related to several factors, such as climate, social and economic conditions and characteristics of the parasites.
Este trabalho teve como objetivo detectar os casos novos de hanseníase do período de 1998 a 2005 no município de Prudentópolis, PR. Assim como, verificar a faixa etária e a forma clínica predominante entre os casos de hanseníase. Os dados foram obtidos através das fichas clínico-epidemiológicas de casos com diagnóstico definitivo de hanseníase notificado no Sistema de Informação sobre Agravos de Notificação, de 1998 a 2005. Neste período, foram relatados 222 casos de hanseníase, dos quais 63% apresentavam a forma multibacilar, com predominância da forma clínica virchowiana, indicando um processo de intensa transmissão da doença. Dos casos de hanseníase, 35% dos pacientes se encontravam na faixa economicamente ativa, 31 a 45 anos. Esses indicadores apontam para uma elevada circulação do bacilo na comunidade, já que um fator de risco para infecção pelo bacilo Mycobacterium Leprae é o contato com pacientes com a forma multibacilar, sem tratamento, embora nas duas últimas décadas, tenha havido redução drástica da prevalência da hanseníase pela implementação da poliquimioterapia e outras medidas preventivas.
As infecções urinárias são as mais comuns durante a gravidez, sendo favorecidas pelas mudanças fisiológicas e anatômicas que ocorrem nas gestantes. Tendo em vista os riscos que tais infecções representam para a mãe e para o feto e as inúmeras falhas em tratamentos com antibióticos, o que muitas vezes resulta na resistência bacteriana a esses medicamentos, o objetivo deste trabalho é identificar os agentes causadores de infecção do trato urinário em gestantes atendidas na Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Prudentópolis, Paraná e investigar a sensibilidade antimicrobiana frente aos antibióticos Ciprofloxacina, Nitrofurantoina, Gentamicina, Norfloxacina, Ampicilina e Oxacilina, a partir de amostras de urina proveniente de gestantes atendidas na Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Prudentópolis, Paraná. Foram analisadas 50 amostras de urina e encontrou-se uma prevalência de 90% de Escherichia coli e 10% de Proteus mirabilis. Essas bactérias apresentaram uma maior sensibilidade aos antibióticos Ciprofloxacina, Nitrofurantoína, Norfloxacina e Gentamicina, resultados semelhantes aos obtidos em pesquisas realizadas por outros autores. E. coli continua sendo a bactéria mais isolada em infecções do trato urinário em gestantes, e é importante ressaltar a importância da realização do antibiograma para garantir a eficácia do tratamento. Palavras-chave: Gravidez. Infecção urinária. Antibiograma.Urinary infections are the most common ones during pregnancy, being favored by the physiological and anatomical changes that occur in pregnant women. Having in mind the risks that such infections represent to the mothers and their babies, and also the numerous failure in the treatment with antibiotics, which may result in bacterial resistance to these kinds of medicine, the aim of this work is to identify the causing agents of urinary tract infections in pregnant women assisted at the hospital called Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia in Prudentópolis, Paraná. It also aims at investigating the antimicrobial sensitivity to the following antibiotics: Ciprofloxacin, Nitrofurantoin, Gentamicin,
The objective of this research was to evaluate the response of wheat plants to the application of possible elicitor compounds against Bipolaris sorokiniana pathogen. This response was measured through the quantification of antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde and flavonoids, evaluation of the severity of brown spot disease and productivity in wheat, greenhouse and field crops. The treatments consisted of suspensions of endophytic fungi Aspergillus japonicus and Trichoderma tomentosum, salicylic acid, acibenzolar-S-methyl and fungicide. In the field trials, in 2015 and 2016, the development of the disease was lower and productivity was higher in all treatments, with emphasis on the fungicide. However, endophytic fungi suspensions demonstrated potential as growth promoters, disease severity reducers and protective antioxidant response activators, as they promoted significant increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione and flavonoid enzymes.
ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a potencialidade de produção do fungo Beauveria sp. em resíduos agroindustriais, a manutenção da viabilidade dos esporos após secagem e armazenamento e sua patogenicidade em insetos de ocorrência na erva-mate: Thelosia camina e Hylesia sp. Utilizou-se a cepa LAG de Beauveria sp., isolada de uma lagarta Thelosia camina infectada. Os esporos foram produzidos em uma mistura de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e batata-refugo (60-40%) e utilizados para testes de secagem que resultaram em 76% de viabilidade após 24h/35ºC, com concentração de mais de 10 9 esporos.g -1 do material após armazenamento em temperatura ambiente durante 60 dias. Os experimentos de patogenicidade resultaram em índices de mortalidade que variaram de 15,9 a 97%, de acordo com a forma de aplicação (imersão ou pulverização) e com a concentração utilizada (suspensões de 10 8 a 10 5 esporos.mL -1 ou suspensão de macerado de lagartas infectadas com o fungo); sendo essas aplicações feitas in vitro ou a campo. Este estudo possibilitou verificar e confirmar a patogenicidade da cepa Beauveria sp. sobre os lepidópteros na fase larval, como Thelosia camina e Hylesia sp., que pode ser usado como possível agente de controle biológico na cultura da erva-mate. Palavras chave: Beauveria sp.; controle biológico; lagartas; erva-mate. (A. St.-Hil.) pests with Beauveria sp.. The objective of this study was to verify the potentiality of producing Beauveria spore in agro-industrial waste, the maintenance of their viability after drying and storage tests and of testing its pathogenicity against insects of occurrence in mate culture: Thelosia camina e Hylesia sp. It was used Beauveria sp. strain LAG, isolated of a infected Thelosia camina caterpillar. The spore were produced in the blend of refused potatoes and sugar-cane bagasse (60-40%) and used for the drying test which resulted in 76% of viability after 24h/35 °C, with concentrations of more of 10 9 spore.g -1 of the material after storage at room temperature for 60 days. The experiments of pathogenicity resulted in death rates which ranged from 15.9 to 97%, depending on the form of application (immersion or spraying), the used concentration (suspensions of 10 8 to 10 5 spore.mL -1 or suspension of macerate form infected caterpillars with the fungus), being these applications done in vitro or in the field. This study allowed to verify and confirm the pathogenicity of the strain Beauveria sp. -LAG on the lepidopteran on larval phase, as Thelosia camina and Hylesia sp.; which can be use as a possible biological control agent for the culture of mate. Abstract Biological control of Ilex paraguariensis
Análisis del desarrollo de cercospora beticola ante un fungicida sistemico Resumen La mancha foliar por Cercospora (Cercospora beticola) está presente prácticamente en todos los lugares donde es cultivada la betarraga (Beta vulgaris), pudiendo provocar perdida de rendimiento de azúcar de hasta un 40%, tratándose de la enfermedad más destructiva del cultivo de la betarraga, tanto como la azucarera como la de mesa. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el crecimiento de colonias Cercopora beticola in-vitro ante el fungicida sistémico Tebuconazol (200 g a.i.). En el análisis realizado en los tres diferentes aislamientos de hongos C. beticola demostró que, cuando probados en relación al fungicida sistémico tebuconazol (200 g i. a.), estos no demostraron ser resistentes al fungicida, pues en todas las repeticiones donde el fungicida fue probado en la concentración dosis de campo (1L/500L-200 g i.a.) se mostró eficiente, una vez que las colonias de hongo C. beticola no se desarrollaron.
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Infusos das partes aéreas, sementes e raízes da Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss, </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">da família das Apiáceas, mais conhecida como salsa ou salsinha, tem sido utilizado popularmente nos últimos tempos como</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">potente diurético, laxativo e agente antiinfeccioso das vias urinárias. Objetivos: Os objetivos deste estudo foram determinar, por </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">screening fitoquímico, os principais metabólitos presentes nos extratos aquoso e hidroalcoólico de raízes de P. crispum, determinar </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">o teor de fenólicos totais presentes nesses extratos e avaliar a concentração inibitória mínima dos mesmos frente a Escherichia </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">coli e Staphylococcus aureus por meio de método in vitro. Metodologia: Para tal fim foram utilizadas raízes obtidas na cidade de</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Guarapuava– PR, coletadas na época do outono, provenientes de sementes de Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss. Resultados: </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">Os resultados da prospecção fitoquímica foram somados ao doseamento dos compostos fenólicos e a atividade antimicrobiana </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">dos extratos foi baseada na presença destes compostos, uma vez que a literatura atribui aos mesmos a capacidade bactericida </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">e/ou bacteriostática dos extratos. Conclusão: Desta forma, os experimentos forneceram dados essenciais para estudo de novos </span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium;">antimicrobianos, uma vez que são necessárias pesquisas neste sentido para que tratamentos inovadores e de baixo custo estejam</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">a disposição da população em geral.</span></p><p> </p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /> <w:LsdException Locked="false" 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