We conducted a study on the intensity of educational activities and determined the typology of the physiological reactions of the body of each of students with different levels of efficiency. The intensity of the educational process of students is given by the method of V.R. Kuchma, E.A. Tkachuk, N.V. Efimova, I.V. Mylnikova (2015) with a scoring of intellectual, sensory, emotional loads, mode and monotony of educational work. A survey of 295 students divided into three groups of 60 people was conducted at a time. There were students with a normal level of efficiency, with reduced efficiency and with significantly reduced efficiency. The functional state of the central nervous system, the autonomic nervous system was determined on the hardware-software complexes based on the methods of, respectively, variational chronoreflexometry and pulsometry. The leading factors of students’ educational activities were high intellectual, visual loads and irregular schedule of academic work, which were assigned to class 3 of 2nd degree on unsocial conditions. In conditions of intense learning activities, only every third student had a normal level of efficiency. We have established the fact of a decrease in the functional state of the central nervous system, stability of the nervous response, adaptive capacity due to the intra-system mismatch of the autonomic nervous system departments and its regulation levels in students with reduced and significantly reduced efficiency as compared with students with normal efficiency. Those can become a scientific basis for the formation of targeted preventive measures to improve the level of efficiency through the normalization of these physiological processes.
The modernization of the technological process in the petrochemical industry has reduced the degree of influence of adverse factors of the production environment, but not eliminated the adverse impact of industrial environmental factors on the health ofworkers. Factors failed to meet hygienic standards in the workplace of operators were shown to be are electromagnetic radiation, chemicals (ammonium, nitrogen dioxide), industrial lighting. In addition operators ’ work is characterized by high intensity of the labor process. Therewithal the labor of operators is characterized by the high intensity of the working process. For the operators ofpetroleum industry there is typical the risk from the combined exposure of the complex of chemical substances and noise, this risk proves both to be both potentially dangerous and increase in dependence on doses offactors and length of service. The level of individual professional risk in 32% of the operators is high; risk group for the profession is defined as high. In most cases, in operators of both small and long experience there was established the decline in the functional state of the central nervous system, the predominance of sympathetic tone in the regulation of adaptive processes, reduced reactivity of the autonomic nervous system and the more the length of service among operators the more the number of cases with poor adaptation and its breakdown.
Objectives to identify the specific features of central nervous and respiratory systems functioning in pupils of last grades in secondary school in conditions of high intensity of educational work. Material and methods. The study assessed the intensity of the educational process in a multidisciplinary lyceum for more able learners and a secondary school for general education in accordance with the Federal Recommendations "Hygienic assessment of the intensity of students' educational activities". In both educational institutions, the observation groups were formed from pupils of grades 9th and 10th. The first group consisted of 200 children from the lyceum specializing in education of gifted learners. The second group included 200 children from a traditional secondary education school. The functional state of central nervous system was evaluated by the method of variational chronoreflexometry. The state of respiratory system was assessed using the spirography method. Results. In conditions of pronounced tension of the educational process (class 3.1), in the pupils of a multidisciplinary lyceum the level of nervous reaction was stabilized, the ability of the central nervous system to form an intra - and intersystem adaptation was increased in comparison with the corresponding data of general secondary school pupils who were studying with the optimal educational workload(class 1). These results can testify the sufficient training status of nervous processes as a result of intense cognitive activity underlined by the harmonious development of systems that ensure functioning of the central nervous system in an operational mode. Conclusion. The study results can be useful for educational institutions specializing in teaching students with increased educational abilities. We suppose that the introduction of techniques for the development of operational indicators of central nervous system into the educational process might ensure high intellectual achievements.
The leading unfavorable factors of the educational environment and the educational process that contributed to the development of myopia in students were the irrational distribution of the educational load in accordance with the difficulty of subjects and the dynamics of student performance, the pronounced intensity of the learning process due to sensory loads as a result of the considerable stress of the visual analyzer in classrooms, against background insufficient artificial lighting and unfavorable air-thermal conditions in classrooms. Every third student has a visual impairment, with the leading pathology being middle degree myopia, which by the end of the 10th grade increased by 2.7 times.
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