It has recently been claimed that the canonical word order of a given language constrains phonological activation processes even in single word production (Janssen, Alario, & Caramazza, 2008). This hypothesis predicts for languages with canonical adjectiveÁnoun word order that naming an object (i.e., noun production) is facilitated if the task-irrelevant colour of the object (i.e., adjective) is phonologically similar to the object name (e.g., blueÁboat as compared to redÁboat). By contrast, there should be no corresponding effect in naming the colour of the object (i.e., adjective production). In an experiment with native speakers of German, however, we observed exactly the opposite pattern. Phonological congruency facilitated colour naming but had no effect on object naming. Together with extant data from other languages our results suggest that object colour naming is affected by the phonology of the object name but not vice versa, regardless of the canonical word order in the given language.
Имплицитная ассоциативная составляющая ментальных репрезентаций психических состоянийИсследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ (проект № 15-06-00884а).Представлены результаты исследования имплицитного компонента ассоциативного уровня репрезентаций психических состояний, проведенного при помощи методики ИАТ. Описываются закономерности и особенности имплицитного ассоциирования состояний заинтересованности, безразличия, волнения, спокойствия, озарения и тупости с ситуациями учебной деятельности лекции и экзамена. Обнаружено, что психические состояния имплицитно связаны с ситуациями жизнедеятельности. Выделены правильно выполненные задания в тесте, определено среднее время их выполнения. Описаны количественные и качественные имплицитные связи в контексте взаимоотношений «учебная ситуация -психическое состояние».Ключевые слова: ментальная репрезентация; психические состояния; ИАТ; имплицитные ассоциации; ситуации жизнедеятельности.
Аннотация. Аудиовизуальные материалы появились в середине 50-ых годов XX века, и с тех пор их популярность растет с каждым днем. В России аудиовизуальный перевод (АВП) таких материалов получил активное развитие лишь в 90-ых годах прошлого столетия. Особенной чертой такого вида перевода является его одновременная направленность на аудиальный и визуальный каналы восприятия реципиентов. На сегодняшний день проблемы понимания и восприятия аудиовизуальных материалов, а также вопросы наличия или отсутствия взаимосвязи между психологическими особенностями индивидовреципиентов и тем, как ими воспринимается перевод таких типов материалов, остаются малоизученными. В статье приведен обзор литературных источников, посвященных данной проблеме. В частности, рассмотрены современные научные работы, направленные на изучение влияния психологических особенностей определенных групп реципиентов на уровень восприятия мультимодальных текстовфильмов и сериалов, описаны характеристики АВП такого рода материалов с языка оригинала на родной язык аудитории. В статье также представлены результаты ряда психолингвистических экспериментальных исследований, посвященных проблемам понимания и уровням восприятия мультимодальных текстов. В заключении представлены практические рекомендации по проведению различных типов психолингвистических экспериментов.Ключевые слова: психолингвистический эксперимент, восприятие информации, мультимодальный текст, аудиовизуальный перевод, внимание реципиентов.
The article deals with associative speech representation of mental states, its evaluation aspect. 32 students of the Kazan Federal University (26 females and 6 males) aged from 18 to 22 years took part in an association experiment, developed on the basis of the DMDX program. The time of speech reaction to the presented stimulithe concepts of 25 mental states was determined. The subjects had to estimate the states by answering the question "what?" and giving an adjective. The average time of the estimated response to the concepts of states on the computer monitor was 2246,9 milliseconds. Associative speech estimated reaction turned out to be the fastest to the stimuli "expectation" (1182,9 milliseconds), "thought" (1603,8 milliseconds), "fatigue" (1654,8 milliseconds), the slowestto the stimuli "remorse" (2808,5 milliseconds) and "nervousness" (2743,3 milliseconds). 463 associative speech reactions in the form of adjectives were given by the subjects to the concepts of 25 states, on average by 18,5 adjectives for each state. The concepts amorousness and remorse have the largest number of speech estimated associations (by 23 different adjectives). The least number of evaluative associations are characterized by the concepts thoughts, delight and indecision (by 15 adjectives). The most pronounced nucleus is the evaluative associative fields of states thoughts and delight. The evaluative associative fields of mental states are distinguished by the presence of nearnuclear layers and sufficiently densely filled periphery.
Audiovisual content has significantly grown in popularity in the recent years. There have been numerous studies devoted to the peculiarities of audiovisual translation of materials, yet the majority of the research focuses solely on theoretical aspects. The article addresses the issue of comprehension and perception of audiovisual materials, as this issue is one of the most perspective and understudied questions of modern linguistics. The authors provide a brief analysis of the theoretical basis of the issue under discussion, referring to the research results of foreign and Russian scholars. The authors also describe the empiric-experimental analysis of German-language media perception by the Russian-speaking audience; summarize the results and outline the conclusions. The article covers the empiric-experimental psycholinguistic research based on the scaling method. The study contains the findings on the influence of the specifics of translation of chosen fragments of the series "Dark" on the audience's perception and comprehension of the audiovisual materials translated into Russian, in comparison with the perception of the same fragments by the audience viewing the original content in German. The authors also formulate the perspectives for further study of the issue in question. The study indicated significant deviations in the translation of the content of some episodes, reflected in the perception disparity between the materials seen in the original and the translated versions. The results suggest that the translated material becomes less expressive; some of the scenes are misrepresented in terms of meaning. The potential for further research is to increase the scope of the material studied and to use additional methods of measuring perceptual disparities, with the help of EEG, oculography, etc.
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