Modern educational systems are aimed at not only knowledge acquisition, but also at intellectual development of young people, including the ability of self-regulation of cognitive activity. That is why the knowledge of students about cognitive states, strengthening the availability of subjective experience, promoting maximum productiveness of cognitive processes gain great significance. The ability to control these states influences directly on the development of cognitive abilities of students and the success of their study in whole. The purpose of this article is to study the structure and functions of typical cognitive states, emerging in the course of students' educational activity. By means of the procedure of factor analysis, there were revealed four independent factors, underlying the structure of cognitive states. It was shown that the factor of metacognitive regulation of cognitive activity acts as a leading one in the structure of states. In comply with the peculiarities of structural organization, there were distinguished the regulating, activating and directing functions of cognitive states.

В статье представлены результаты изучения феноменологических и экспериментальных характе-ристик ментальных репрезентаций психических состояний (ассоциативные, понятийные, оценочные и образные показатели). Использовались методики на выявление эксплицитных и имплицитных по-казателей ассоциативных связей в контексте взаимоотношений «ситуация-психическое состояние», сравнения репрезентаций со словарной справкой, семантического дифференциала и др. Результаты свидетельствуют, что ментальные репрезентации состояний представляют собой психическое обра-зование, имеющее специфическую конфигурацию и определенные свойства, связанные с качеством психического состояния: пространственную организацию, ядерные составляющие, вариативные ха-рактеристики, устойчивость проявлений в ситуациях жизнедеятельности субъекта.Ключевые слова: психическое состояние, ментальные репрезентации, ментальный опыт, ситуа-ция, образ, ассоциация, структура, свойство.

The study of the human mental state as a mental phenomenon supposes a study of different parts of representations in the state of consciousness. The emergence and consolidation of mental representations of states associated with the processing of internal sensations and impressions that in comparison with the content of an earlier experience form the mental structures associated with the current state. The aim of research is the study of the dynamics of mental states' representations of students in the experimental exposure. The experiment involved 30 people aged 18-19 years. Investigation of the stability-variability of mental representations was carried out as follows. First recorded baseline characteristics of mental states' representations: associative, evaluative and imaginative. Then students described the current state. Associative characteristics of mental representations before and after the relaxation session differ in sectoral and generative characteristics. Found the impact of the mobilizing effects on the imaginative characteristics of mental states representations: there is an increase of sensitivity to external influences, clarity, awareness of perception, memory improvement. Revealed leading regulatory function of meditation. After the meditation the intensity of evaluative characteristics of mental representations of states close to the average values. The significance of the results obtained is that there is a leading regulatory function of meditative techniques in changing of mental states.

The article presents the results of studying the reflexive characteristics of cognitive states. The values of states and their relations with the motivational and value characteristics of the subject are studied. The research used methods of analysis of semantic spaces of states: associative experiment and subjective scaling, methods for studying the values and relationships of the subject, mood, metacognitive awareness and involvement in the learning process. The results show that the semantic spaces of most cognitive states are close to each other, the dominant components of spaces of cognitive states are intellectual-cognitive components. The structure of interrelation between motivational characteristics and cognitive states is revealed. The connections of terminal values (development of oneself, spiritual satisfaction, the value of achievements and preservation of one’s own personality), which are integrated with cognitive states, are established.

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