This paper focuses on identifying how indigenous populations in the upper and middle zones of the La Guajira Department in Colombia save electricity or follow a plan based on an energy policy. To explore this, a survey among seven communities with electricity in the upper and middle zones of La Guajira and a quantitative and observational analysis were conducted. Results show that indigenous communities do not practice a culture of electricity-saving such as, for instance, often failing to turn off idle appliances. In addition, there are neither electricity-saving plans nor energy awareness measures to educate the area's indigenous communities. When comparing the energy consumption of Wayuu communities with that of the country's residential urban dwellers of similar socioeconomic level, few indigenous people using electricity efficiently were found, particularly in terms of lighting and appliance use.
Abstract-This study presents the results of the evaluation of some strategies to promote adoption of technologies that enable the use of renewable energy sources (RES) in Wayuu indigenous communities located in La Guajira, Colombia. We used an agent-based model representing the collective decision process within the communities, where three different types of agents are used to represent the members of the communities and their influence on the process of decision making. This process involves several discussions and meetings, using text to speech, lectures and training, and visits to other projects as strategies. Subsequently, using the model, a factorial experiment was conducted to compare the impact of various proposed and implemented strategies. The impact of the study measured the number of members willing to adopt new technologies in the community. In this sense, the best results with respect to the dissemination and adoption of RES in the communities under study were obtained by combining the strategies of text to speech and training lectures.
Energy supply applications for populations in isolated areas have great importance in reducing poverty and environmental impacts. However, rural zones not connected to power grids require more studies related to select low cost and efficient technologies suitable to each size of community. This paper presents a lexicographic multi-objective optimisation model (LMOM) to select the best renewable energy technologies (solar and wind) of hybrid power generation systems (HPGSs) for communities located in non-interconnected zones. The model prioritises objective functions such as the generation cost, emissions of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and energy consumption in ton-equivalent petroleum (TEP). In addition, the model considers constraints related to the production cost, environmental sustainability, environmental conditions and reliability of the system. The results show that the model provides sustainable HPGSs adapted to the size of each community and the best renewable energy technologies are the central receiver system and the wind turbine with a 20-m tower.
This paper focuses on identifying how indigenous populations in the upper and middle zones of the La Guajira Department in Colombia save electricity or follow a plan based on an energy policy. To explore this, a survey among seven communities with electricity in the upper and middle zones of La Guajira and a quantitative and observational analysis were conducted. Results show that indigenous communities do not practice a culture of electricity-saving such as, for instance, often failing to turn off idle appliances. In addition, there are neither electricity-saving plans nor energy awareness measures to educate the area's indigenous communities. When comparing the energy consumption of Wayuu communities with that of the country's residential urban dwellers of similar socioeconomic level, few indigenous people using electricity efficiently were found, particularly in terms of lighting and appliance use.
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