La cultura organizacional es conocida universalmente como el conjunto de significados compartidos y creencias en poder de una colectividad; su estudio evidenciará la forma como trabajan las empresas y las conductas que sus miembros toman al enfrentarse a diferentes situaciones. El presente artículo acerca al lector al concepto de cultura organizacional a partir de autores destacados en la historia, y registra el progreso cronológico en los métodos de medición, iniciando desde la observación y análisis psicológico hasta la elaboración de instrumentos especializados que midan el comportamiento de las personas y su influencia en la organización. Todo esto, con el fin de respaldar el avance científico regional, al considerar diversos estudios como precedente para futuras investigaciones.Organizational culture is known universally as the set of shared meanings and beliefs held by a community. The study of Organizational culture will reveal the way of how factories operate and the stance that they take whendealing with different situations. This article presents to the reader with the concept of organizational culture from the best known authors throughout history; furthermore it provides the chronological progress in measurement methods, starting from observation and psychological analysis of the concept, to the preparation of specialized tools to measure people’ behavior and its influence on the organization. All this, in order to support regional scientific progress, on considering several studies as a precedent for future research
<p>Distributed generation (DG) is an important issue for distribution networks due to the improvement in power losses, but the location and size of generators could be a difficult task for exact techniques. The metaheuristic techniques have become a better option to determine good solutions and in this paper the application of a bat-inspired algorithm (BA) to a problem of location and size of distributed generation in radial distribution systems is presented. A comparison between particle swarm optimization (PSO) and BA was made in the 33-node and 69-node test feeders, using as scenarios the change in active and reactive power, and the number of generators. PSO and BA found good results for small number and capacities of generators, but BA obtained better results for difficult problems and converged faster for all scenarios. The maximum active power injections to reduce power losses in the distribution networks were found for the five scenarios.</p>
Introducción: El problema Job Shop Con Operadores Calificados o Job Shop With Skilled Operators (JSSO) es una extensión del problema clásico Job Shop en el cual, una operación debe ser ejecutada por un conjunto limitados de trabajadores, con el objetivo de minimizar el tiempo de terminación total de los trabajos o Makespan, situación que puede representar distintas aplicaciones en la vida cotidiana. Es un problema complejo y es catalogado como NP-HARD. Objetivo: En este artículo, se aborda el problema JSSO desde la adaptación de un algoritmo conocido como Squirrel Search Algorithm (SSA). Metodología: Se propone un esquema de codificación discreto para el algoritmo SSA utilizando el método Smallest Position Value (SPV). Además, para evitar soluciones que violen las relaciones de precedencia; se corrigen con el método Valid Particle Generator (VPG), el cual garantiza soluciones factibles. Dos versiones del algoritmo se colocan a prueba en 28 instancias propuesta en la literatura para validar su rendimiento. Resultados: Los experimentos computacionales realizados muestran que los dos algoritmos propuestos alcanzan soluciones óptimas en 25 de las 28 instancias analizadas. Además, para las instancias en donde no se logró soluciones óptimas, el gap promedio no supera el 2% para ambas versiones de los algoritmos propuestos. Conclusiones: El esquema de codificación propuesto garantiza la discretización del algoritmo, generando soluciones que convergen hacia el óptimo. Además, la codificación propuesta, permite utilizar de manera natural los operadores de movimiento propuestos originalmente para el algoritmo utilizado. El rendimiento obtenido por los algoritmos es adecuado y de alta calidad.
Abstract-This study presents the results of the evaluation of some strategies to promote adoption of technologies that enable the use of renewable energy sources (RES) in Wayuu indigenous communities located in La Guajira, Colombia. We used an agent-based model representing the collective decision process within the communities, where three different types of agents are used to represent the members of the communities and their influence on the process of decision making. This process involves several discussions and meetings, using text to speech, lectures and training, and visits to other projects as strategies. Subsequently, using the model, a factorial experiment was conducted to compare the impact of various proposed and implemented strategies. The impact of the study measured the number of members willing to adopt new technologies in the community. In this sense, the best results with respect to the dissemination and adoption of RES in the communities under study were obtained by combining the strategies of text to speech and training lectures.
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