The integrated value chain is a prerequisite for the successful industrialization of the agricultural sector. Contract farming (CF) is a useful instrument to integrate the agricultural value chain in developing countries such as Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to identify the determinants of farmer participation in sugarcane contract farming. The data utilized in this study was obtained from the Indonesian Plantation Farm Household Survey 2014 for Sugarcane. The data consists of 8.831 farmers distributed in 8 provinces. Logistic regression was used to estimate the determinants of farmer participation in sugarcane CF. The result shows that age, education, and type of cultivated land negatively affect farmer participation in sugarcane CF. Meanwhile, land tenure, cultivation area, cropping system, certified seed, membership in a cooperative, access to extension services, and membership in farmer's association positively affect farmer participation in sugarcane CF. The policy implication for increasing farmer participation in CF is to intensify the information of CF to the farmer with a large cultivation area. Since these farmers tend to participate in CF to anticipate marketing risks.

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The development of organic rice in Bondowoso has high growth. The superiority of the product makes the selling value of the product not cheap when compared to other rice products. The objectives of the study are (1) to determine the characteristics of aromatic organic rice consumers in Al-Barokah Gapoktan in Bondowoso, (2) the price of consumers willing to pay for aromatic organic rice, (3) the factors that influence consumers' WTP value of aromatic organic rice. Method of determining the area using a purposive method in the Botanic shop. Sampling using incidental sampling technique with a total of 45 respondents. The results show: (1) the characteristics of Botanic aromatic organic rice consumers are the majority of middle-aged men who have a tertiary education level with non-PNS jobs and have an income of> 3,000,000 000 4,000,000 and already have a total dependents of family members of 3 people, (2) willingness to pay Botanic aromatic organic rice products is Rp. 18,133 per 1kg higher when compared to prevailing prices in the shop which is Rp. 17,500 so that means there is a consumer surplus of Rp. 633, and (3) Factors factors that significantly affected the willingness to pay for organic rice in were age, education level, type of work, healthy food concern, and income. Keywords: Organic Rice, Consumer Characteristics, Willingness to Pay

Bahan baku tebu di PG. Djatiroto diperoleh dari tebu milik sendiri (TS) dan tebu rakyat (TR) melaui sistem kemitraan kerjasama bagi hasil dengan petani. Penelitian bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mendasari pengambilan keputusan petani tebu bermitra dengan PG. Djatiroto, (2) perbedaan pendapatan petani tebu yang bermitra dan petani tebu yang tidak bermitra dengan PG. Djatiroto. Metode pengambilan contoh menggunakan Proportionate stratified random sampling. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data dianalisis menggunakan Regresi Logistik dan Independent sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) faktor yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap pengambilan keputusan petani tebu bermitra dengan PG. Djatiroto adalah faktor pengalaman dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,092, faktor pendapatan dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,036, dan faktor jumlah anggota keluarga dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,068 sedangkan faktor umur dan pendidikan berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap pengambilan keputusan petani tebu bermitra dengan PG. Djatiroto; (2) terdapat perbedaan pendapatan antara petani tebu yang bermitra dan petani tebu yang tidak bermitra dengan PG. Djatiroto dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,002, pendapatan petani tebu yang bermitra lebih besar dari pada pendapatan petani tebu yang tidak bermitra dengan PG. Djatiroto. Rata-rata pendapatan petani tebu yang bermitra sebesar Rp. 25.822.092/ha/tahun sedangkan rata-rata pendapatan petani tebu yang tidak bermitra sebesar RP. 20.010.176/ha/tahun.

Sugarcane is one of the leading plantation commodities in Situbondo Regency, especially in the Asembagus District. Generally, sugarcane farmers sell sugar cane to sugar factories using a profit-sharing system (SBH). In 2019, the government implemented a new partnership system for sugar cane farmers and sugar factories, namely the sugar cane purchase system (SPT), which will replace the profit-sharing system (SBH). This study aims to determine the perception of sugarcane farmers on implementing the sugarcane purchasing system (SPT) and the factors influencing the perceptions of sugarcane farmers in the Asembagus District. This research method is descriptive-analytic with measurement tools using a Likert scale and data analysis using multiple linear regression. The results showed 1) The perception of sugarcane farmers towards implementing the sugarcane purchasing system (SPT) was expressed by several indicators that cumulatively had a score of 3.777 out of 7.380, where sugarcane farmers perceived that the implementation of the SPT system, in general, had a positive impact. 2) The factors that influence the perception of sugarcane farmers have met the classical assumption test with the factors that significantly influence the length of farming, farmer education, and job diversification. In contrast, the non-significant factors are farmer age, land area, and land status.

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Kurangnya tenaga kerja pertanian pada usahatani padi di Desa Gumelar Kecamatan Balung diakibatkan oleh rendahnya upah yang diterima oleh pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : (1) model kelembagaan penggunaan upah tenaga kerja pada usahatani padi; (2) curahan tenaga kerja dalam keluarga dan luar keluarga. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif komparasi. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dari petani terpilih berdasarkan Disproportionate Stratified Random Sampling. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dan t-test dengan sampel independent/two tail. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kelembagaan upah yang digunakan petani di daerah penelitian adalah : upah borongan, harian dan kedokan. Upah borongan digunakan pada kegiatan pengolahan tanah, penanaman dan kegiatan panen yang dilakukan oleh pendores. Upah harian digunakan pada kegiatan pencabutan persemaian dan panen yang dilakukan oleh pengarit. Upah kedokan digunakan petani pada kegiatan persemaian, penyulaman, penyiangan, pengairan, pemupukan, pemberantasan hama dan kegiatan panen yang dilakukan oleh pengedok. Curahan tenaga kerja luar keluarga lebih besar daripada curahan tenaga kerja dalam keluarga yaitu tenaga kerja luar keluarga sebesar 64,47 HKP/ha dan tenaga kerja dalam keluarga sebesar 13,68 HKP/ha..

<em>Agroinput needs of farming activities, especially fertilizer in Lombok Kulon village is supplied by UPPO Tani Mandiri I B in the village. Livestock population in Lombok Kulon village in 2012-2015 shows an increase of cattle population. The increase of livestock population will increase availability of raw materials for organic fertilizer, so it needs a good raw materials procurement system in the procurement process of livestock manure as raw materials for organic fertilizer. Therefore, the researcher wanted to analyze the production system on UPPO in Lombok Kulon village. The review of the organic fertilizer system production on UPPO in Lombok Kulon village besides viewing the technical aspect, but also can be viewed from the aspect of cost production to see whether the production activities of organic fertilizer is efficient. The results show that: (1) Procurement of livestock manure as raw materials for organic fertilizer on UPPO Tani Mandiri I B has fulfilled aspects of the raw materials procurement, ie quantity, quality, time, cost, and organization systems. (2) The production system of organic fertilizer viewed from three aspects, namely: production type of UPPO Tani Mandiri I B is a mix, facility layout of UPPO Tani Mandiri I B is a product layout. The processing of organic fertilizer on UPPO Tani Mandiri I B is less than in SOP. (3) The use of production costs on UPPO Tani Mandiri I B is efficient. The eficiency value of production costs is 1,84.</em>