The vertebral heart score or size (VHS) measurement is routinely used to provide a more objective measurement of cardiomegaly in dogs. However, breed or body conformation can influence the VHS. To assess the specific VHS for the Australian Cattle Dog, left‐to‐right lateral, right‐to‐left lateral, dorsoventral and ventrodorsal thoracic radiographs from 20 individuals free from cardiac and pulmonary disease were obtained. The mean VHS was significantly higher in Australian Cattle Dog (10.5 ± 0.4 vertebrae), when compared with the average VHS for 100 normal dogs of different breeds that had been initially published (9.7 ± 0.5 vertebrae). This emphasizes the importance of breed‐specific VHS ranges. In our study group of normal Australian Cattle Dogs, the mean VHS was 10.5 ± 0.5 vertebrae (mean ±SD) on right lateral and 10.3 ± 0.5 vertebrae on left lateral radiographs. The VHS on right lateral views was significantly larger than on left lateral views. The VHS was 10.5 ± 0.6 vertebrae on dorsoventral and 11.1 ± 0.6 vertebrae on ventrodorsal radiographs. The VHS on ventrodorsal views was significantly larger than on dorsoventral views.
Eosinophils are cells of the immune system that have several important functions including phagocytosis of microorganisms, antigen presentation, contribution to chronic inflammation, and immunity against parasites. The hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare disease in humans that is characterized by persistent eosinophilia (over six months) and variable eosinophil infiltration in organs such as the lungs, spleen, liver, lymph nodes, bone marrow, and gastrointestinal tract. Once in the tissues, these cells can cause damage by various mechanisms such as release of cytotoxic oxygen free radical and proteins. No etiology has yet been established for HES. The clinical signs vary and relate to the organs involved. In veterinary medicine, the disease has been described in cats, but rarely in dogs, with Rottweilers apparently more predisposed to developing the disease. Owing to the small number of cases reported in the veterinary literature, the prognosis of this disease and the most appropriate treatment options are unclear. Although it can be fatal in animals showing severe clinical symptoms, spontaneous remission may also occur. This study reports a case of HES in a Rottweiler in which the predominant clinical sign was abdominal effusion. We discuss the clinical and laboratory aspects of the disease. Key words: Abdominal effusion. Dog. Eosinophils. ResumoOs eosinófilos são células do sistema imunológico que tem importantes funções, tais como fagocitose de micro-organismos, apresentação de antígenos, contribuição para a cronicidade do processo inflamatório e imunidade contra parasitas. A síndrome hipereosinofílica (SHE) é uma enfermidade rara que acomete seres humanos, caracterizada por eosinofilia periférica persistente (acima de seis meses) e infiltração variável de eosinófilos em diferentes órgãos, como pulmão, baço, fígado, linfonodos, medula óssea e o trato gastrointestinal. Uma vez nos tecidos, essas células causam danos por diversos mecanismos, como liberação de proteínas citotóxicas e radicais livres de oxigênio. Não é possível identificar uma etiologia nos casos de SHE. Os sinais clínicos são variáveis, e diretamente relacionados com os órgãos acometidos. Em medicina veterinária, a moléstia já foi descrita em felinos, mas raramente em cães, sendo que animais da raça Rottweiler são mais predispostos ao desenvolvimento da doença. Em função do pequeno número de casos descritos na literatura veterinária, a evolução da doença e as opções mais apropriadas de tratamento são pouco conhecidas. Embora alguns animais apresentem sinais clínicos graves, podendo evoluir para o óbito, a remissão espontânea também pode ocorrer. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo relatar um caso de SHE com sinal clínico predominante de efusão abdominal em um filhote de cão da raça Rottweiler, abordando aspectos clínicos e laboratoriais da enfermidade. Palavras-chave: Cão. Efusão abdominal. Eosinófilos.
This study aimed to determine and evaluate whether there are differences in values of MAC in wildlife captured guan (Penelope obscura) under different conditions of social stress. This study used 27 bird species guan (P. obscura), divided into two groups: animals kept in the same enclosure (Collective Group) and animals kept in individual cages (Individual Group). The research was conducted at the Advanced Research Base of IBAMA, Painel/SC, and at the Clinical Veterinary Hospital of the “Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina”, Lages/SC. The birds were captured using network trap with manual disarmament and transported to the Veterinary Hospital in cages. The animals were fasted for 2 to 6 hours before the procedure; anesthetic induction was performed with isoflurane for instrumentation. The isoflurane CAM was placed in the target value 1.3v% in the first animal of each group, and waited 15 minutes for the nociceptive (electric) stimulus, in the value of 50 hertz and 50mA, held in faradic form (3 consecutive simple stimuli, followed by 2 continuous stimuli). The stimulus was performed on the lateral side of the left pelvic limb in the tibiotarsal region, and the electrodes were fixed with a 22G needle at a distance of 5cm between them. The bird’s responses to the stimulus were considered positive (wing movements, head or vocalization) or negative (not presented movements of wings, head or vocalization) and the MAC value of the animal was recorded. Negative responses reduced next birds’ MAC value by about 10%, and MAC positive responses increased by about 10%. Statistical analysis was done by methods up and down and analyze quantal for MAC and paired t-test for equivalent or t-test for variances not equal variances for the physiological variables. At the end of the experiment, the birds were reintroduced in the same capture area. The MAC value of isoflurane in the Collective Group was 1.4v% and the Individual Group 1.9v% to 0.903atm. It is observed that guan (P. obscura) in the Collective Group showed lesser anesthetic resistance to isoflurane than the birds in the Individual Group, showing that some levels of social stress can influence the MAC values of the isoflurane.
RESUMO: O presente trabalho descreve um estudo retrospectivo da casuística de Curicacas (Theristicus caudatus) atendidas pelo Projeto de Atendimento Médico Veterinário a Animais Selvagens do Planalto Catarinense (CAV/UDESC) nos anos de 2003-2014. Neste período foram atendidas 77 curicacas, todas de vida livre e do Planalto Catarinense. Constatou-se que 33.7% eram jovens, 16,8% adultas e 49,5% com idade indeterminada. Dessas, 22.1% eram machos, 14.3% fêmeas e os demais indefinidos. Em relação às afecções clínicas, 55.8% possuíam fr,tura óssea, 9,1% sinais neurológicos, 3,9% múltiplas lacerações na pele e músculos, 3,9% luxação em membro, 3,% hemorragia em cavidade oral, 2,6% ruptura de sacos aéreos, 2,6% dispneia, 2,6% diarreia e 1,3% peritonite. Em 20,8% dos casos apresentavam apenas sinais inespecíficos como desnutrição. Dos animais atendidos, 55,8% morreram; 28,6% foram eutanasiados; 5,2% tratados e encaminhados à sede do IBAMA ou CETAS; 2,6% realizou-se soltura e em 7,8% o destino não foi informado. Efetuou-se necropsia em 70,8%, sendo que em 82,6% dessas obteve-se o diagnóstico definitivo de traumatismo e em 2,2% o diagnóstico foi de peritonite secundária a perfuração de moela por corpo estranho metálico e 2,2% vieram a óbito por pneumonia causada por corpo estranho (projétil). A alta mortalidade das aves atendidas parece estar relacionada com a gravidade das lesões apresentadas e afecções secundárias aos traumatismos. A curicaca foi a espécie que apresentou o maior número de atendimentos pelo projeto durante o período descrito no estudo, demonstrando que o estudo da casuística dessa ave pode servir como indicador do risco a que outras espécies de aves da região estão sujeitas.
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