Vertebral heart size in healthy Australian cattle dog

Luciani, Marília Gabriela; Withoeft, Jéssica Aline; Pissetti, Helena Mondardo Cardoso; Souza, Livia Pasini de; Sombrio, Marina Silvestre; Bach, E.; Maï, Wilfried; Müller, Thiago Rinaldi

doi:10.1111/ahe.12434

Cited by 16 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For intraobserver and interobserver measurement agreement, VLAS and VHS showed an almost perfect agreement. This finding provides evidence that VLAS and VHS are repeatable methods for measuring cardiac chamber size, as confirmed by previous studies 10,11,13 . Further studied are needed to verify if veterinarians with different clinical experience and specialization (eg, general practitioners, cardiologists, intensive care clinicians) have the same measurement variability.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The vertebral heart score (VHS) is the most commonly used method for the objective evaluation of cardiac size in thoracic radiographs in dogs 3 . Differences in VHS according to the canine breed have also been described 4‐11 . However, there are few studies in veterinary medicine aimed at standardizing the radiographic left atrial (LA) size 12‐15 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Radiographic vertebral left atrial size: A reference interval study in healthy adult dogs

Vezzosi

Puccinelli

Tognetti

et al. 2020

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thoracic radiography is a useful technique for the evaluation of cardiac dimensions, especially when echocardiography is not possible. The vertebral left atrial size (VLAS) has recently been proposed as a new radiographic method for quantifying left atrial dimensions in dogs. The aims of this retrospective, reference interval, observational study were to describe values for VLAS in a group of healthy adult dogs and to compare intraobserver and interobserver agreement for VLAS versus vertebral heart score (VHS) methods. Thoracic radiographs of 80 healthy adult dogs were evaluated. Normal left atrial size was determined based on an echocardiographic left atrial‐to‐aorta ratio < 1.6. The VLAS and vertebral heart score values were measured from right lateral radiographs. The correlations between VLAS, the vertebral heart score, and the left atrial‐to‐aorta ratio were evaluated. The effects of body weight, sex, and age were also tested using regression analyses. The median value of VLAS were 1.9, with a reference interval of 1.4‐2.2. A positive correlation was found between VLAS and vertebral heart score values (r = 0.53; P < .0001). No effect of body weight, sex, and age on VLAS was detected. Excellent intraobserver and interobserver agreements were found for both VLAS and vertebral heart score methods (intraclass correlation coefficients ≥ 0.91). Findings from this sample of healthy dogs indicated that VLAS is a repeatable radiographic method for quantifying left atrial size. Further studies are warranted to evaluate this measure in clinically affected dogs.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiographic vertebral left atrial size: A reference interval study in healthy adult dogs

Vezzosi

Puccinelli

Tognetti

et al. 2020

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4 The VHS is influenced by different breed-specific morphotypes, and several studies have described a breed-specific reference range for the VHS. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The vertebral left atrial size (VLAS) has recently been proposed as a new radiographic method for the evaluation of left atrial size in dogs 16 ; however, no studies have evaluated VLAS variations in relation to different breeds. The Chihuahua is predisposed to the development of both congenital and acquired cardiac disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A radiographic study of breed‐specific vertebral heart score and vertebral left atrial size in Chihuahuas

Puccinelli

Citi

Vezzosi

et al. 2020

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although echocardiography is the gold standard for the diagnosis of cardio-structural disease, thoracic radiography is a rapid, cost-effective, and widely accessible method for evaluating cardiac size in dogs. The vertebral heart score (VHS) and the vertebral left atrial size (VLAS) are established as objective measures of cardiomegaly on thoracic radiographs. However, several studies have shown significant variations in the VHS among different breeds. The Chihuahua is predisposed to both congenital and acquired cardiac diseases. The aim of this prospective, single-center, cross sectional study was thus to evaluate the VHS and the VLAS in healthy adult Chihuahua dogs. A total of 30 Chihuahuas were included. The VHS values in our sample population of Chihuahuas were 10.0 ± 0.6 (95% range, 8.9-11.0). This was significantly greater than the canine reference value of 9.7 ± 0.5 established by Buchanan and Bücheler (P = .002). The VLAS of Chihuahuas in our study was 1.8 ± 0.2 (95% range, 1.3-2.1). This was significantly lower than the values previously reported by Malcolm et al (2.07 ± 0.25; P = .0004). The VHS and the VLAS were not influenced by sex, body weight, short or long hair, and body condition score in normal Chihuahuas. Our results indicated that breed-specific reference values for radiographic VHS and VLAS are needed. In Chihuahuas, the values found in this study can be used as a normal reference in order to help avoid overinterpretation of cardiomegaly in these dogs.

show abstract

“…Some dogs (females and males) presented higher values for RL VHS, LL VHS and VD VHS in comparison to references (Table 3) [5,10]. The same was reported in Spitz, Labrador Retriever and mixed breed [4], Poodles [20] and Australian Cattle Dog [16]. However, there is no consensus on VHS values for all dog sexes, breeds and physical conformations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…In a study where the VHS measurements of small, medium and large dogs were jointly evaluated, the authors observed that RL VHS was higher than LL VHS; however, this difference was not maintained when the dogs were divided in groups according to size [11]. On the other hand, recent studies evaluated the VHS between dogs of the same breed, i.e, Spitz, Labrador retriever [4], Dachshund [2] and Australian Cattle Dog [16]. These authors reported that RL VHS was higher than LL VHS in these breeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Electrocardiographic Parameters, Thoracic Morphometry and Vertebral Heart Size in Clinically Normal Dogs

Margarido

Martins

Nunes

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:The Vertebral Heart Size (VHS) method sets standards for the evaluation of dog's heart size from the comparison of the cardiac dimension with the length of the thoracic vertebrae through radiographic study. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is widely used in veterinary medicine for the evaluation of electrical conduction system of the heart; however, the increase of duration and amplitude of the ECG waves can suggest the increase of cardiac chambers in dogs. The scientific literature presents electrocardiographic and VHS values for dogs of different breeds and sizes; however, there is little information on the correlation of these parameters. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the amplitude and duration of ECG waves, thoracic morphometry and VHS values, in order to correlate these parameters in clinically normal dogs. Materials, Methods & Results:Twenty healthy dogs (11 females and 9 males), without breed distinction, medium sized (14.46 ± 2.92 kg) and aged between 1 and 8 years, were evaluated through physical examination, digital ECG (frontal and precordial leads) and thorax X-ray in right lateral (RL), left lateral (LL) and ventrodorsal (VD) projections. Thoracic morphometry and VHS measurements were determined as previously described. Clinical and ECG parameters were compatible with the references in all dogs evaluated. Dogs presented thorax intermediate (75%) with the depth and width ratio (D/W ratio) > 1.0. Some individual VHS values were higher than the references and the mean VHS values in VD projection was higher than in RL and LL projections (n = 20; P < 0.05). Female and male dogs did not differ among the evaluated parameters. A positive correlation was observed between thoracic morphometry and body weight (r ≥ +0.70; P < 0.001) and a negative correlation was found between the D/W ratio and VD VHS (r = -0.62; P < 0.05). No significant correlations were observed between the age, ECG parameters, thoracic morphometry and VHS measurements. Discussion: The majority of dogs presented intermediate thorax, a common characteristic for healthy dogs of different breeds. Some dogs had higher VHS values in different projections, when compared to references. The same has been reported by others authors for diferent breeds. However, there is no consensus about VHS values for all sexes, breeds and physical conformations in dogs. In agreement with other authors, the mean value of VD VHS was higher in relation to RL and LL VHS; however, RL and LL VHS did not differ. Positive and significative correlations were observed between body weight and thorax depth, and between body weight and thorax width, confirming that larger dogs had greater thoracic measurements. The thorax type could influence the VHS, when this parameter is determined by VD projection, because was observed a negative and significative correlation between the D/W ratio and VD VHS. So, the dogs with a deeper thorax may have lower VHS values. The correlation between VHS measurements and duration and amplitude of the ECG waves was weak, possibl...

show abstract

Vertebral heart size in healthy Australian cattle dog

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Radiographic vertebral left atrial size: A reference interval study in healthy adult dogs

Radiographic vertebral left atrial size: A reference interval study in healthy adult dogs

A radiographic study of breed‐specific vertebral heart score and vertebral left atrial size in Chihuahuas

Evaluation of Electrocardiographic Parameters, Thoracic Morphometry and Vertebral Heart Size in Clinically Normal Dogs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About