Background: Several various physiological functions in elderly people are diminished due to cell or tissue damage. One of the probable causes are oxidative stress yielded by free radicals.Oxidative stress (ROS) induce lipid peroxidation in endothelial cell membrane, which generates atherosclerotic plaque. In a state of oxidative stress, MDA level will increased. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of SOD supplementation on MDA, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol plasma levels in the elderly.Methods: This study was open label, a randomized control trial. Subjects were elderly people aged > 60 years (median 75, 60-82 ys, male 10 (24,4%)) institutionalized at Social Rehabilitation Unit Pucang Gading Semarang, Indonesia. The treatment group consisted of 16 people, received SOD (GlisodinR) 1 capsule (250 IU) 1 hour before meals, plus exercise scheduled for 8 weeks. The control group consisted of 15 people, received placebo, and exercise. Plasma MDA levels were examined using TBARS method, while total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were examined using CHOD-PAP method.Results: This study show a reduction of plasma MDA levels in the treatment group compare to control group ( p = 0.062 ). A significant reduction of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels in the treatment group were found (before 190.00 and 131.47 g/dl, after 182.27 and 121.93 g/dl, p = 0.005 and 0.001).Conclusion: The SOD supplementation significantly reduce Total Cholesterol and LDL level, but not MDA level in the elderly.
Latar Belakang : Hiperurisemia akan memacu produksi sitokin proinflamasi TNF-±, IL-1 dan IL-6, yang akan memacu penarikan lekosit ke daerah deposit kristal monosodium urat dan melipatgandakan respon inflamasi. Daun salam (Eugenia polyantha), seledri (Apium graveolens) dan biji jinten hitam (Nigella sativa) dapat menurunkan respon inflamasi. Ketiga tanaman ini banyak di Indonesia namun sampai saat ini belum dilakukan uji klinik pada manusia. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui apakah pemberian formula ekstrak herbal penurun asam urat dapat menurunkan kadar IL-6 dan TNF-± serum penderita hiperurisemia dibandingkan allopurinol. Metode: Desain penelitian adalah double blind randomised clinical trial (RCT), dilaksanakan Februari–Desember 2007. Subyek penelitian adalah penderita hiperurisemia usia ³ 18 tahun yang berobat di poliklinik/rawat inap penyakit dalam dan geriatri RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang. Sampel dibagi menjadi kelompok perlakuan dan kelola. Dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar IL-6 dan TNF-± serum dengan cara ELISA sebelum dan setelah 4 minggu perlakuan. Hasil: Sampel sebanyak 22 orang kelompok herbal dan 22 orang kelompok allopurinol. Rerata kadar IL-6 dan TNF-± awal kelompok herbal 214,58pg/dl dan 43,2 pg/dl sedangkan kelompok allopurinol 231,8pg/dl dan 32,6pg/dl. Rerata kadar IL-6 dan TNF-± akhir kelompok herbal 192,15 pg/dl dan 32,9pg/dl sedangkan kelompok allopurinol 203,8pg/dl dan 29,5pg/dl. Rerata delta kadar IL-6 dan TNF-α kelompok ekstrak herbal -22,43pg/dl dan -27,9pg/dl (p 0,887) sedangkan kelompok allopurinol 10,3pg/dl dan 3,10pg/dl (p 0,439). Kesimpulan: Ekstrak herbal penurun asam urat dapat menurunkan kadar IL-6 dan TNF-± serum penderita hiperurisemia, tidak berbeda bermakna dibandingkan dengan pemberian allopurinol. Kata kunci : IL-6, TNF-±, Eugenia polyantha, Apium graveolens, Nigella sativa
Background: Osteoporosis is one of chronic degenerative diseases especially in postmenopausal women, characterized by a decreased bone mass due to imbalance activity between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Recently, oxidative stress is believed to play an important role in osteoporosis pathogenesis. Oxidative stress is commonly considered as the consequence of an imbalance between pro and antioxidants species, which results in damage in the affected tissue. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is frequently used as a biomarker of oxidative stress in many health problems since MDA is produced at high levels during lipid peroxidation. Meanwhile, glutathione is well known as one of antioxidant which against oxidative stress by preserving its homeostasis in the reduced form of glutathione sulfhydryl (GSH) and the oxidized form of glutathione disulphide (GSSG). This study was aimed to determine the association between MDA, GSH/GSSG ratio and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women.Materials and method: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 40 postmenopausal women. MDA and GSH/GSSG ratio were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Bone mineral density (BMD) was obtained from secondary data. The statistical analysis was conducted using Spearman rho’s correlation test.Results: Based on the test, we didn’t found significant correlation between MDA and BMD (r=-0.054, p=0.741), but we found significant moderate correlation between GSH/GSSG ratio (r=0.436, p=0.005) and BMD in postmenopausal women. Conclusion: There was no correlation between MDA and BMD in postmenopausal women. However, there was significant moderate correlation between GSH/GSSG ratio and BMD in postmenopausal women.Keywords: MDA, GSH/GSSG ratio, BMD, osteoporosis
Background: Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) are increased in tissue damage. Ashitaba contains many compounds that can reduce serum SGOT and SGPT levels. Objective: This study was proposed to prove that giving Ashitaba extract could reduce serum SGOT and SGPT levels in rats exposed to burn injury. Methods: This study used a posttest only control group design with 20 rats as samples. All research samples were treated with second-degree burns and were divided into 2 different groups, the treatment group (given Ashitaba extract 300 mg /kg BW) and the control group. The blood serum was analyzed for SGOT and SGPT test on the 2nd, 8th, and 14th days. For statistical analysis, the Wilcoxon test used to analyze the levels of serum SGOT and SGPT. Results: There was no significant difference in serum SGOT and SGPT levels between the control and treatment groups on the 2nd, 8th, and 14th days Conclusion: Ashitaba extract could not reduce serum SGOT and SGPT levels in rats exposed to burn injury.
Introduction: Covid 19 is a respiratory system disease caused by SARS-COV2. Geriatric patients with Covid-19 equipped with multiple comorbidities and a high vulnerability have high morbidity and mortality rates.Case illustrations: A 75-year-old woman presents with confusion and fever. She was treated in the previous hospital for 7 days, experienced a deterioration of consciousness and had respiratory failure, thus was referred to Kariadi Hospital.She had comorbid hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and grade 2 osteoarthritis genu bilateral. Bodyweight 45kg, height 150cm, BMI 20kg/m2,blood pressure 100/58 mmHg,pulse 110x/minute, Respiratory rate 28x/minute, Temperature 38.5?, 93% oxygen saturation, Frailty Index 0.7, Katz Index G, Norton score 11/20. Leucocytes 9100,Lymphocytes 10%, Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio 2.2, Blood Glucose 247mg/dL, CRP 4.41mg/dL, Ferritin 5472.28,D-Dimer >20,000ug/dL, Fibrinogen498 mg/dL, Procalcitonin 0.39, Chest X-ray showed pneumonia infiltrates with cardiomegaly. The RT-PCR swab examination showed positive SARS-Cov-2. Brain CT showed lacunar infarct and aging atrophy cerebral. the patient was admitted to intensive isolation room because of acute respiratory distress syndrome and covid coagulopathy. After clinical improvement, the next problems that must be addressed in isolation rooms are frail, confusion, cerebral syndrome, immobility and grade 1 decubitus.Conclusion: Management of frail geriatric patients with Covid-19 has its challenges because of the high mortality rate. It requires a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach.
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