Our findings provide options for potential vaccine delivery strategies, appropriate communication strategies and targeted advocacy strategies to introduce HPV vaccines in the Vietnamese context.
Supported by GAVI Alliance, measles-rubella vaccination was introduced in Vietnam in 2014, involving a mass campaign among 1-14 year olds and routine immunization of children aged 9 months. We explore the impact on the incidence of Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) during 2013-2050 of this strategy and variants involving women aged 15-35 years. We use an age and sex-structured dynamic transmission model, set up using recently-collected seroprevalence data from Central Vietnam, and also consider different levels of transmission and contact patterns. If the serological profile resembles that in Central Vietnam, the planned vaccination strategy could potentially prevent 125,000 CRS cases by 2050 in Vietnam, despite outbreaks predicted in the meantime. Targeting the initial campaign at 15-35 year old women with or without children aged 9 months-14 years led to sustained reductions in incidence, unless levels of ongoing transmission were medium-high before vaccination started. Assumptions about contact greatly influenced predictions if the initial campaign just targeted 15-35 year old women and/or levels of ongoing transmission were medium-high. Given increased interest in rubella vaccination, resulting from GAVI Alliance funding, the findings are relevant for many countries.
This was a cross-sectional community-based serological survey of polio antibodies assessing the immunogenicity of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) focusing on poliovirus serotype 2. IPV was administered to 5-month-old children. Type 2 antibody seroprevalence when measured 1 month after IPV administration was >95%. One IPV dose successfully closed the immunity gap.
For routine vaccination in Vietnam, we estimated that using an outreach strategy was the costliest delivery strategy to deliver the tetanus-diphtheria (Td) vaccination to children aged 7 years and tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccine to girls aged 15-16 years in high-risk areas compared to facility-based and school-based delivery of the TT vaccine. n We estimated the budgetary impact of ceasing delivery of TT vaccines to girls aged 15-16 years in high-risk areas, introducing a dose of Td to all children aged 7 years in the country through 3 different delivery strategy options, and gradually decreasing Td campaigns in outbreak areas. We projected that if a facility-based or school-based strategy is chosen for the additional Td booster dose for all children aged 7 years, the new schedule would be less costly to the Expanded Program on Immunization than the 2017 vaccination schedule.
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