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Brazil. Scientific, intellectual, conception and design of the study; analysis and interpretation of data; statistics analysis; critical revision. ABSTRACT PURPOSE:To evaluate the renal function and the renal histological alterations through the stereology and morphometrics in rats submitted to the natural process of aging. METHODS:Seventy two Wistar rats, divided in six groups. Each group was sacrificed in a different age: 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months.It was performed right nephrectomy, stereological and morphometric analysis of the renal tissue (renal volume and weight, density of volume (Vv [glom] ) and numerical density (Nv [glom] ) of the renal glomeruli and average glomerular volume (Vol [glom] )) and also it was evaluated the renal function for the dosage of serum creatinine and urea. RESULTS:There was significant decrease of the renal function in the oldest rats. The renal volume presented gradual increase during the development of the rats with the biggest values registered in the group of animals at 12 months of age and significant progressive decrease in older animals. Vv [glom] presented statistically significant gradual reduction between the groups and the Nv [glom] also decreased significantly. CONCLUSIONS:The renal function proved to be inferior in senile rats when compared to the young rats. The morphometric and stereological analysis evidenced renal atrophy, gradual reduction of the volume density and numerical density of the renal glomeruli associated to the aging process.Key words: Aging. Kidney. Histology. Rats.Quantitative analysis of the renal aging in rats. Stereological study Acta

Purpose: To analyze the effects of aging in rats on the nuclear volume, cytoplasmic volume, and total volume of Leydig cells, as well as their number. Methods: Seventy-two Wistar rats were divided into six subgroups of 12 rats, which underwent right orchiectomy at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months of age. The weight and volume of the resected testicles were assessed. A stereological study of Leydig cells was conducted, which included measurements of cell number and nuclear, cytoplasmic, and total cell volumes. Results: The weight and volume of the resected testicles showed reductions with age. Only the subgroup composed of 24-month old rats showed a decrease in the nuclear volume of Leydig cells. Significant reductions in the cytoplasmic volume and total volume of Leydig cells were observed in 18-and 24-month old rats. The number of Leydig cells did not vary significantly with age. Conclusions: Aging in rats resulted in reduction of the nuclear, cytoplasmic, and total cell volumes of Leydig cells. There was no change in the total number of these cells during aging.

Purpose To evaluate changes in the quantity of elastic fibers in the corpora cavernosa of rats during the natural aging process, and to assess the degree of this change by determining volumetric density (Vv) at different ages via stereological analysis.Methods Forty-eight rats, raised under similar conditions, were subjected to the natural aging process and divided into four groups (G1 to G4), according to age at the time of penectomy (6, 9, 12, and 24 months, respectively). Histological sections of the middle segment of the penis were stained with Weigert’s resorcin-fuchsin, and the volumetric density (Vv) of elastic fibers of the corpora cavernosa were determined via stereological analysis.Results There were no statistically significant differences in Vv among groups G1, G2, and G3. These three groups were therefore considered as a single group. The mean Vv of this group showed a statistically significant reduction compared to that of G4 (0.16 vs. 0.11, p<0.05).Conclusion Natural aging in rats was responsible for a reduction in volumetric density of elastic fibers of the corpora cavernosa (approximately 30% decrease in Vv) during senescence.

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Tacrolimus associated with ischemia/reperfusion is nephrotoxic, suppresses inflammation and seems to delay the healing bladder.

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RESUMOA pandemia causada pela COVID-19 levou a uma mudança rápida no estilo de vida e na jornada de trabalho da população mundial, despertando reflexões no que tange a rotina futura sobre o trabalho home office, a jornada prolongada na posição sentada, a importância de um ambiente adequado e ergonômico com caráter preventivo sobre distúrbios da coluna vertebral. Neste sentido, o objetivo foi desenvolver: uma análise biomecânica e fisiopatológica sobre os efeitos da posição sentada sobre a coluna vertebral, bem como agrupar orientações sobre posturas adequadas associadas à importância da ergonomia no trabalho remoto durante a pandemia. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido uma pesquisa por meio de uma revisão sistemática e integrativa da literatura. Foram utilizados livros técnicos de Anatomia Humana e Engenharia, bem como artigos científicos selecionados das principais bases de dados: LILACS; SciELO; PubMed; Periódicos CAPES e Elsevier dentro de um recorte temporal envolvendo os últimos vinte anos. Assim, constatou-se ser fundamental minimizar as consequências da postura sentada prolongada do trabalho home office durante e após a pandemia pelo COVID-19; constituir recomendações sobre posturas adequadas; além da análise do tempo de manutenção da postura sentada; a implantação e a manutenção da ergonomia no trabalho remoto, além da importância da prevenção de patologias degenerativas do sistema musculoesquelético.