Use of silver and silver salts is as old as human civilization but the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) has only recently been recognized. AgNPs were synthesized using aqueous extract of neem leaves and silver salt. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using particle size analyser, UV-visible spectroscopy, XRD, SEM and AFM. The size of AgNPs was found to be within the range of 20-60 nm. The absorbance peak was in the range of 420-450 nm. SEM and AFM analysis showed that, the synthesized AgNPs are spherical in shape and surface roughness is 20.40 nm. Further the XRD analysis confirms the nano crystalline phase of silver with cubic crystal structure nature. The EDS analysis confirmed the presence of silver nanoparticles. AgNPs were specifically used in agriculture and medicine as antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidants. Antibacterial activity of synthesized AgNPs was carried out for both gram positive and gram negative bacteria and compared with standard silver nanoparticles. Hence, AgNPs could be use in the food and agricultural filed for commercial usage.
The dairy industries are an impudend bread and butter piece of many nations due to their resourceful products. Physical properties of dairy industrial effluent was varies with the different treatment methods, sampling sessions and months. The samples were characterized based on physical properties such as TSS, TDS, pH, EC and turbidity. Total seven samples were collected at sampling points of dairy effluent treatment system for further analysis. Results from the study revealed that, dairy effluent is slightly alkaline in nature, and TSS, TDS, pH and turbidity values obtained during the analysis of dairy effluent indicate the presence of heavy load of organic substances. Physical properties of effluent samples obtained after dead-end filtration system were more than the permissible limits of Environmental Protection Rule. Hence, it is very important that proper effluent treatment systems should be installed for the protection of the environmental health and for the ecological balance.
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