A alface (Lactuca sativa L.), devido a sua importância alimentar como fonte de vitaminas e sais minerais, destaca-se entre outras hortaliças folhosas mais consumidas em todo mundo. A modernização dos segmentos locais de comercialização, evoluindo sempre em função de um consumo crescente e versátil, exige qualidade e, principalmente, regularidade do produto. Isso tem refletido diretamente nas áreas de produção que, para atender a esta nova e importante demanda do mercado, têm se modernizado com conseqüente aprimoramento técnico da mão-de-obra.O desenvolvimento da alface é bastante influenciado pelas condições ambientais. Temperaturas acima de 20ºC estimulam o seu pendoamento, que é acelerado à medida que a temperatura SANTI A; CARVALHO MAC; CAMPOS OR; SILVA AF; ALMEIDA JL; MONTEIRO S. 2010. Ação de material orgânico sobre a produção e características comerciais de cultivares de alface. Horticultura Brasileira 28: 87-90. RESUMOCultivares de alface foram avaliadas utilizando adubo orgânico contendo serragem, em cultivo protegido em Alta Floresta-MT. O delineamento experimental foi blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial com 12 tratamentos e quatro repetições, constituídos pela combinação de seis cultivares (americana: Lucy Brown e Great Lakes; crespa: Isabela e Vera; lisa: Elisa e Babá de Verão) e duas fontes de material orgânico [esterco bovino puro (100%) e composto com pó-de-serra (50% de esterco bovino + 50% de pó-de-serra) na razão de 10 L m -2 ]. A presença de pó-de-serra no composto orgânico, proporcionou redução na massa fresca comercial, no comprimento do caule, na circunferência da planta, no número de folhas comerciais e no número de folhas totais, quando comparado com o tratamento contendo apenas esterco bovino curtido. Nas cultivares lisas, apesar do maior número de folhas totais e comerciais, o fato não se refletiu em maior massa comercial. A cultivar Lucy Brown conteve a maior massa fresca comercial. Palavras-chave:Lactuca sativa L., serragem, ambiente protegido, adubo orgânico, competição. ABSTRACT Effect of organic material on the production and characteristics of lettuce cultivarsLettuce cultivars cultivated under greenhouse were evaluated with the application of cattle manure mixed to sawdust in Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a factorial scheme with 12 treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of combinations of six cultivars (Lucy Brown, Great Lakes, Isabela, Vera, Elisa and Babá de Verão) and two sources of organic material -cattle manure (100%) and cattle manure mixed to sawdust (50% manure + 50% sawdust composte) -applied at the level of 10 L m -2 . Plots measured 1.2 x 1.2 m with 16 plants spaced by 0.3 m over the useful area. Samples were constituted by the four central plants in each plot. Application of bovine manure mixed to sawdust reduced fresh mass, stem length, plant diameter, commercial leaf number and total leaf number when compared to the application of pure manure. Although the cultivars Elisa and Babá ...

Background Oclacitinib is a Janus kinase (JAK) 1 enzyme inhibitor and blocks JAK1-dependent cytokines and is used to control pruritus. Studies available in cats are very limited and as there is a potential role for oclacitinib in the control of pruritus in this specie, the aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and clinical effects of oral oclacitinib maleate in healthy cats. Results Thirty mixed-breed cats weighing from 2.1 to 5.3 kg each were randomly allocated to three treatment groups of 10 animals each. Cats in two groups received oclacitinib at 1 mg/kg or 2 mg/kg q 12 h orally for 28 days. Cats in the third group were given placebo tablets (cornstarch) q 12 h orally for 28 days. Oclacitinib maleate was well tolerated during the study and few adverse events were observed in treated cats. Clinical signs of toxicity were not observed in any animals treated at 1 mg/kg. Gastrointestinal clinical signs observed in the 2 mg/kg group included vomiting in two of the 10 cats and soft stools in two cats. One cat treated with placebo also exhibited soft stools. No significant differences were observed between the groups for hematologic analyses performed during the study. There was a slight increase in neutrophils and monocytes and a decrease in eosinophil mean counts in treated cats. Mean renal and liver enzymes remained normal throughout the entire study. A small, but significant increase in fructosamine levels was observed for both treated groups compared with placebo; however, values remained within the normal reference range. There were no significant difference between treated groups and the placebo group for urine specific gravity, pH, or urine protein to creatinine ratio mean values. Conclusions Oclacitinib maleate was well tolerated by cats at 1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg and appeared to be safe for this species when administered orally twice daily for 28 days. More studies would be needed to demonstrate if oclacitinib maleate may be a suitable alternative to treat pruritic cats.

No abstract

No abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the insecticidal effect of the cassia, thyme and oregano volatile oils against the immature and adult flea's stages. For this purpose, the tested samples were chemically characterized by GC-FID and GC-MS. The mortality of larvae and adult fleas, eggs, and pupae of Ctenocephalides felis felis was performed through in vitro tests at different concentration levels. Inhibition of development and residual efficacy were also determined. The chemical characterization of the cassia, thyme, and oregano volatile oils presented cinnamaldehyde (91%), thymol (44.7%), and carvacrol (76.2%), respectively, as major constituents. In general, the samples showed insecticidal activity for both immature and adult flea's stages. The best LC 50 values for adults were obtained by oregano volatile oils (33.5 and 21.8 μg•cm −2 , respectively, 24 and 48 h). Cassia volatile oils showed the best results against larvae (17.2 and 10.3 μg•cm −2 , respectively, 24 and 48 h), eggs (3 μg.cm −2), and pupae (34.6 μg•cm −2), as well as the lowest value for inhibition of development (2.3 μg•cm −2). The oregano and thyme volatile oils showed residual efficacy greater than 80% for 6 days while cassia showed this result for 4 days. The results demonstrated the potential of volatile oils for flea control in all stages of the life cycle, with emphasis on cassia. The residual effects of the volatile oils are promising for the development of new and environmentally friendly phyto-pesticides for veterinary uses.

RESUMO:Ruta graveolens L., também conhecida com arruda, é planta originária do sul da Europa, cultivada no Brasil e em outros países como planta medicinal, muito utilizada em rituais religiosos. Tendo em vista que a germinação constitui um fator primordial para que a semente possa gerar uma planta vigorosa e com alto potencial produtivo, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a resposta germinativa de sementes para arruda sob condições de temperatura, luminosidade, estresse hídrico e salino e emergência de plântulas em diferentes profundidades de semeadura. Sementes de Ruta graveolens são indiferentes à luz, germinando melhor em temperatura constante de 25ºC ou alterna (20-30ºC). Os potenciais osmóticos induzidos por manitol a partir de -0,4MPa e por NaCl a partir de -0,8MPa influenciam negativamente o processo germinativo. Maiores percentuais de plântulas são obtidas quando a espécie é semeada na superfície do substrato.Palav ras-chav e: luz, temperatura, potencial osmótico, estresse salino, profundidade de semeadura ABSTRACT: Factors affecting seed germination and seedling emergence in rue (Ruta graveolens L.). Ruta graveolens L., also known as rue, is from the south of Europe, cultivated in Brazil and other countries as a medicinal plant greatly used in religious rituals. Since germination is essential for the seed to generate a vigorous plant of high productive potential, this work aimed to evaluate the germinative response of rue seeds under different temperatures, luminosity conditions, and water and salt stress, besides seedling emergence at different sowing depths. Ruta graveolens L. seeds are indifferent to light, better germinating at constant temperature of 25ºC or alternated temperature (20-30ºC). The osmotic potentials induced by mannitol from -0.4MPa and by NaCl from -0.8MPa negatively influenced the germination process. Higher seedling percentages are obtained when the species is sown on the substratum surface.

During a seroepidemiological survey 2004-2006 from areas in Brazil endemic for American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL), serum samples from 10 dogs with ulcerated cutaneous lesions (S-ACL) and 52 asymptomatic dogs (AS-ACL) of unknown age and breed living in areas endemic for ACL were monitored for 1 year for ulcerated cutaneous lesions and immunoblotting using peroxidase-conjugated secondary anti-IgG, anti-IgG1 and anti-IgG2 dog antibodies. We reported that antibodies against Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in the sera of 22/52 dogs with asymptomatic disease showed intense reactivity to peptides larger than 66 kDa. We believe that dogs harboring subclinical amastigotes show an immunoblotting profile similar to that of symptomatic animals because a dog with self-healing presented antigens greater than 66 kDa. Such patterns can be exploited for diagnostic and epidemiological research for leishmaniasis.

Neotropical Entomology 32(1): 133-138 (2003) Biologia Comparada de Trialeurodes vaporariorum (West.) (Hemiptera -Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) em Soja e Cinco Cultivares de Feijão PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Insecta, mosca branca, tabela de vida, relação inseto/planta ABSTRACT -With the development of greenhouse grown crops, the whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (West.) has become an important pest. Aiming at verifying the effect of host on the development of this species, the biology of the whitefly was studied on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars IAC-Carioca Pyatã, IAPAR-57, Jalo Precoce, IAC-Bico de Ouro, IAC-Maravilha and on soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivar Cristalina. The study was conducted at the Laboratório de Entomologia Agrícola -FCA-UNESP, at 25 ± 3°C temperature, 80 ± 10% RH and 14h photophase. The biological parameters assessed were duration, viability and number of nymphal instars; male and female longevity, oviposition period, number of eggs per female and sex ratio; egg viability and incubation period and the life cycle duration. Based on data obtained, fertility life tables were constructed to allow a comparative analysis of the effect of cultivars on the biological development and consequent population growth of this species. The bean cultivars IAC-Maravilha and Jalo Precoce negatively influenced T. vaporariorum development, whereas, the other bean cultivars studied, as well as the soybean cultivar Cristalina, provided good conditions for development of this pest.