Kola nut is chewed in many West African cultures and is used ceremonially. The aim of this study is to investigate some biological effects of Cola nitida's bark after phytochemical screening. The bark was collected, dried, and then powdered for the phytochemical screening and extractions. Ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of C. nitida were used in this study. The antibacterial activity was tested on ten reference strains and 28 meat isolated Staphylococcus strains by disc diffusion method. The antifungal activity of three fungal strains was determined on the Potato-Dextrose Agar medium mixed with the appropriate extract. The antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH and ABTS methods. Our data revealed the presence of various potent phytochemicals. For the reference and meat isolated strains, the inhibitory diameter zone was from 17.5 ± 0.7 mm (C. albicans) to 9.5 ± 0.7 mm (P. vulgaris). The MIC ranged from 0.312 mg/mL to 5.000 mg/mL and the MBC from 0.625 mg/mL to >20 mg/mL. The highest antifungal activity was observed with F. verticillioides and the lowest one with P. citrinum. The two extracts have an excellent reducing free radical activity. The killing effect of A. salina larvae was perceptible at 1.04 mg/mL. The purified extracts of Cola nitida's bark can be used to hold meat products and also like phytomedicine.

Teak (Tectona grandis L.f; Verbenaceae) is a diploid species (2n=36). It is native to the tropical deciduous forests of India, Myanmar, Thailand and Laos. Snuffed for its aesthetic physical properties and its qualities, teak is becoming increasingly important in the forest plantation development in Côte d'Ivoire. To preserve the genetic resources of this species and ensure the supply of genetically superior quality germplasm for improvement and plantations, a core collection of superior genotypes with large genetic diversity is a prerequisite. This paper reports the use of site-specific recombinase (SSR) technology using microsatellite DNA markers to investigate the level of genetic variability, distribution of genetic variation and genetic relatedness in Tectona grandis grown in Côte d'Ivoire. The proportion of the total genetic variation resides within provenances (80.52 %) with 5.5 % of the variation occurring among populations of one region and 13.98 % among regions. The SSR markers showed a clear differentiation of the populations introduced in Côte d'Ivoire with an Fst = 0.21. The populations coming from the natural area were characterized by three clusters corresponding to South India, North India and Thailand. The study on the origin of African teak was close to North of India. However, Bambuku 7 population was an exception, as it seemed to have some affinity with Thailand populations. The use of SSR markers for conservation of teak forest diversity is discussed.

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Peanut (Arachis species) plants originated in South America where they have existed for thousands of years. Successively, peanut culture has been introduced in many African countries and was incorporated into local traditional food cultures. Numerous studies showed peanut nutritive importance and capacity to prevent several human diseases. The target of the present survey aimed to create a germplasm benchmark of peanut varieties in the north region of Côte d'Ivoire (West Africa country) since this plant is weakly studied in this geographic area. For this purpose, six peanut varieties were processed and pre and/or post-harvest measurements have been brought on seedlings. In addition, biochemical composition of peanut seed for each considered varieties were measured. Statistical analysis based on several R software functions showed a good quality of collected peanut data and proposed post-harvest parameters as an adequate factor clustering the present analyzed peanut varieties. Then, statistical analysis performed in this study, allowed to cluster analyzed peanut varieties in two different groups. Moreover, the same survey evidenced a strong agreement between both postharvest and biochemistry parameters assessing the difference between the two detected peanut variety groups (p-value < 0.05). Finally, the findings exhibited protein, glucose as well as ash biochemistry parameters as decent indicators selecting and clustering the present managed peanut varieties (p-value <0.05). In conclusion, this study proved a methodology demarche suggesting the possibility to hypothesize peanut germplasm benchmark in the savanna region of Côte d'Ivoire.

RESUMELe karité (Vitellaria paradoxa) est une espèce alimentaire sauvage d'intérêt socio-économique et environnemental suffisamment valorisée par les populations locales des savanes soudano-guinéennes d'Afrique. Pour contribuer au développement des stratégies de gestion et d'utilisation durable des ressources de cette plante, un inventaire écologique a été conduit dans la perspective de cerner l'influence des systèmes agraires sur la dynamique de régénération naturelle de l'espèce. L'étude a été conduite dans 40 unités d'échantillonnage réparties dans deux départements de la région des savanes de Côte d'Ivoire. Les résultats montrent que la dynamique de régénération naturelle du karité a varié d'un département à l'autre. Dans les jachères, le nombre de jeunes plants de karité a été de 960 plants à Tengrela, contre 636 à Korhogo. De même, dans les champs, ce nombre a été de 373 jeunes plants à Tengrela et de 45 à Korhogo, sur la même zone échantillonnée. Le nombre de jeunes karités a varié aussi, selon la formation végétale. En effet, sur l'ensemble des deux zones échantillonnées, le nombre de jeunes karités a été de 1596 plants dans les jachères, contre 418 dans les champs. De même, le nombre d'arbres adultes a été 2,5 fois plus important dans les jachères que dans les champs. Sur les unités d'échantillonnage situées dans les champs, le taux de jeunes plants de karité été de 55 % dans le système manuel, 39 % dans le système attelé et 6 % dans le système tracté. Pour la même surface échantillonnée, le nombre d'arbres adultes a été de 51 dans le système manuel, contre 20 dans le système attelé et 13 dans le système tracté. Ces différences révèlent une influence des activités anthropiques sur la régénération naturelle du karité.

Genetic relationships among 18 regenerated tall coconut accessions from International Coconut Genebank for Africa and Indian Ocean (ICG-AIO) located at Côte d'Ivoire were studied. Analyses were achieved from 17 quantitative characters of the reliable minimal list of agro-morphological descriptors for coconut proposed by Coconut Genetic Resources Network (COGENT) in 2007. From achieved Multivariate Analyses (MVA) two geographical clusters including Afro-Indian and Far East were observed in the first generation of regenerated tall coconut accessions. In addition regenerated tall coconut accessions whose parents come from South Pacific geographical area were the more varied. This typology is similar to the one of the initial introductions previously established. Thus, creation of improved hybrids from heterosis effect searching a long time exploited in tall coconut accessions can always be pursued with regenerated accessions in Côte d'Ivoire coconut program.

Notwithstanding the inflows of currency for the populations who practice it, the cultivation of the cashew tree contributes to strengthening the forestry agrosystem in Côte d'Ivoire. However, this culture, with multiple interests, is confronted with attacks from parasites including bacterial disease. Bacterial disease causes extensive damage to vegetative organs as well as fruits and causes yield losses. The objective of this study is to assess the behavior of cashew genotypes in relation to the severity and incidence of bacterial disease in the context of agroforestry production in Côte d'Ivoire. To achieve this objective, 1.200 branches were observed to assess the tolerance or sensitivity of 30 cashew trees in agroforestry orchards of cashew trees in the localities of Korhogo, Sinématiali and Boundiali. These cashew genotypes were selected and geolocated. The factor studied is the cashew genotype, composed of 30 cashew genotypes, with 6 modalities which are the severity index of bacterial disease on leaves, twigs and nuts, the incidence of bacterial disease. bacterial disease on leaves, twigs and nuts. The data collected that are the index of severity of bacterial disease on leaves, twigs and nuts, the incidence of bacterial disease on leaves, twigs and nuts have made the subject to descriptive analysis and PCA. The ascending hierarchical classification (HAC) and multivariate analysis completed the data analysis. The results obtained revealed three groups of cashew trees. Those of group 3 made up of twelve (12) genotypes, namely SYDN, SDYY, SDYN and KBSD coming from the localities of Sinématiali and Korhogo, differ from the others by a weak infection of the nuts (8.67 ± 2.74). The genotypes in this group are more resilient and their development in an agroforestry system could help promote  agroecological management of bacterial disease, improve and intensify agroforestry practices in C. d'Ivoire.

The survey aims at assessing current managing status of organizations involves in the conservation of local genetic diversity of rice, maize, sorghum and pearl millet in seedbanks located in northern Côte d'Ivoire. An investigation was conducted with 100 respondents in charge of cereal seedbanks managing from Ferkessedougou and Ouangolodougou areas. The results at regional scale revealed two co-existing informal and formal systems for seedbanks management in these areas. The farmers' seedbanks system or informal system was the main source of cereal seed supply for farmers and more important than the national or formal seedbank system. Only, farmers' seedbanks of two crops, rice and maize were found in visited localities. The management of these farmers' seedbanks was enabled by associations or cooperatives gathering more men (78.27%) than women (21.73%). Ninety percent (90%) of respondents were identified as saving 1 to 3 traditional varieties of cereal in these seedbanks managed by farmers in the studied region. The reveled difficulties in the farmers' seedbanks management appeared mainly as informally organized seed system that must be a complementary approach to formal system or national seed system for genetic diversity preservation of local cereal varieties and also as a distribution channel of improved cereal varieties.