Chitosan was modified by maleic anhydride, and it was then functionalized using heterogeneous and blending method to obtain the membrane.

Montmorillonite was functionalized by (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxy silane (GPTMS). Subsequently, chitosan (CS) membranes filled by GPTMS-modified

Secularism has become a new trend in various parts of the world. Many people seem to no longer believe in the role of religion in the Society. Religion does not need to interfere with the situation that occurs in society. These problems rise different opinions and responses from various figures. Harvey Cox is one of the theologians who discusses secularization through his book entitled “The Secular City.” Harvey Cox argues that secularization does not need to be rejected. Secularization is a process that occurs in society, where religious affairs are separated from community affairs. Secularization is clearly different from secularism. In secularism, people see religion as a stranger and God is seen as a barrier. Through the book “The Secular City”, Harvey Cox offers a new perspective on secularization including how the Church should respond to secularization. This paper will also briefly mention the secularization that has occurred in Indonesia. Nurcholish Madjid’s thoughts equip the challenges and hopes for the Indonesian.

The Leaching of Low-GradeNickel Laterite Ore Using Atmospheric Acid Leaching Method in Hydrochloric Acid. Nickel laterite extraction using the hydrometallurgical method is more efficient in energy consumption with less exhaust gas than the pyrometallurgical method. This method causes the extraction of lowgrade nickel laterite ore using hydrometallurgy could be more effective. One of the hydrometallurgical methods to extract nickel from its ore is atmospheric acid leaching. This research aims to determine the percentage of nickel recovery through the leaching process, determine the most influenced leaching factor, and determine the optimum leaching condition. The main factors that influence the leaching process are temperature, acid concentration, and leaching time. Atomic adsorption spectroscopy was chosen to analyze the leaching solution. This research showed that the lowest recovery of nickel leaching was 9,40% of Ni, and the highest was 75,76% of Ni. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the most influenced factor of leaching. The most influenced factor was temperature (A), followed by acid concentration (B), duration (C), interaction of acid concentration-temperature

The development of infrastructure in archipelago countries often faces difficulties and challenges due to the lack of fresh water. Hence, in some cases, the usage of seawater is favourable, in particular for concrete making. Little studies have been conducted on comparing the seawater, and freshwater concretes, especially on microstructure analysis. The objective of this study was to reveal the compressive strength, elasticity, and microstructure of concrete using seawater and freshwater as the mixing water. The methodology of this study was mix design, making test specimens, curing test specimens, and microstructure analysis. The tests of concretes were conducted for each sample with variations of 1, 3, 7, and 28 days and the mechanical behavior were tested using compressive strength and elasticity as parameters. At the same time, the microstructure was examined using an X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The results showed an increase in compressive strength and elasticity of seawater and freshwater concretes at all variations with insignificant differences observed between the two types of concretes. It was also discovered that the formation of Friedel's salt (3CaO.Al2O3.CaCl2.10H2O) in the seawater concrete was not in the freshwater concrete. In conclusion, the differentiation of microstructure did not significantly affect the compressive strength and elasticity between seawater and freshwater in mixing concrete.

Methylene blue (MB) is a dye in wastewater from textile industries that pollutes the water environment. Reduction of its content is necessary for protecting humans and the surrounding environment. This study fabricated chitosan/Fe3O4 nanocomposite through the mixture of chitosan from crab shell waste and magnetite (Fe3O4) from local sand iron with sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP)-sulfate crosslinker as an adsorbent to reduce methylene blue content. The obtained composite was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrophotometer and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) instrument. The contents of methylene blue before and after applying adsorbent-based nanocomposite were determined using an ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer. FTIR characterization results show that chitosan and chitosan/Fe3O4 nanocomposite had successfully synthesized based on the typical vibrational peaks. The deacetylation degree of chitosan was 69.79%. Fe3O4, and chitosan/Fe3O4 nanocomposite, were confirmed by XRD patterns. The chitosan/Fe3O4 nanocomposite adsorption capacity reached 45.37 mg/g when adsorption occurred with 20 mg adsorbent, pH 9, and contact time of 1.5 h. Hence, the chitosan/Fe3O4 nanocomposite in this study has potency and is applicable to adsorb MB effectively.

Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka merupakan Perguruan Tinggi Negeri yang berada di Wilayah Kabupaten  Kolaka Provinsi Sulawesi tenggara, sebagai  Perguruan Tinggi negeri pertama di Kolaka yang berdiri sebagai kampus Negeri pada tahun 2015, sedangkan program studi pendidikan kimia berdiri mulai tahun 2017.  Tantangan  bagi civitas akademika adalah  program studi pendidikan kimia belum dikenal oleh masyarakat di wilayah kolaka, akses informasi lewat sosial media yang terbatas mempengaruhi animo masyarakat untuk mendaftar pada penerimaan mahasiswa baru dalam 2 tahun terakhir. Strategi sharing introduction  dilakukan  melalui  sosialisasi  dengan metode klasikal. sasarannya adalah  siswa kelas XII  yang  akan  tamat pada tahun pelajaran 2021/2022.  Sosialisasi dilakukan melalui  metode  pendekatan case study dan  pelibatan HMPS untuk sosialisasi melalui media sosial.

The Covid-19 pandemic triggers declining economic growth which has impacted most companies going out of business. Other serious effects in Indonesia are layoffs of employees and encouraging unemployment rate. One way to overcome this unemployment issue is through the creation of new digital-based entrepreneurs. It is initiated by instilling digipreneur intention for youth such as college including students. Empowering the role of peers is one among many efforts to support this program. This research aims to analyze the influence and role of peers in improving the students' digipreneur intention. This survey model descriptive research was conducted on 123 students of economic education at the Faculty of Economics of Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) class 2018. The data are collected using questionnaires and interview methods. The data are then analyzed descriptively by percentage. Qualitative data are analyzed using interactive models, namely data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results of the research show that: (1) peers are very influential in improving the students' digipreneur intention, and; (2) the peers play crucial roles in improving the students' digipreneur intention, especially in sharing about personal issues. There are three main topics to be discussed in this research: (a) digital-based business opportunities; (b) how to start a digital-based business, (c) digital-based business management; and (d) challenges and obstacles in digital-based business and how to overcome them.